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中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (4): 210-218.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0668

• 食品·营养·检测·安全 • 上一篇    

山东省不同产区烤烟化学成分差异性及可用性分析

熊莹(), 杨俊杰, 蒋佳祝, 李强, 王永, 张杨, 董小卫, 张东东()   

  1. 山东中烟工业有限责任公司, 济南 250014
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-11 修回日期:2025-12-12 出版日期:2026-02-27 发布日期:2026-02-27
  • 通讯作者:
    张东东,男,1991 年出生,山东滨州人,农艺师,硕士,主要从事烟草栽培技术研究工作。通信地址:250014 山东省济南市历下区经十路11888号 山东中烟工业有限责任公司,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    熊莹,男,1985年出生,河南驻马店人,农艺师,硕士,主要从事烟草栽培技术研究工作。通信地址:250014 山东省济南市历下区经十路11888号 山东中烟工业有限责任公司,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    山东中烟工业有限责任公司科技项目“山东烟叶生产收购质量管控模式构建与应用”(2023370000340504)

Analysis of Differences and Usability of Chemical Components in Flue-cured Tobacco from Different Production Areas of Shandong Province

XIONG Ying(), YANG Junjie, JIANG Jiazhu, LI Qiang, WANG Yong, ZHANG Yang, DONG Xiaowei, ZHANG Dongdong()   

  1. China Tobacco Shandong Industrial Limited Company, Jinan 250014
  • Received:2025-08-11 Revised:2025-12-12 Published:2026-02-27 Online:2026-02-27

摘要:

针对山东烟区不同产区烤烟化学成分协调性不足、可用性差异不明的问题,优化生产管理与工业利用,以潍坊、临沂、济南、淄博、日照、青岛6个烟区20个产区B2F、C3F等级初烤烟叶为材料,测定其总糖、还原糖、总氮、烟碱、钾离子及氯离子含量,通过多重比较、聚类分析解析区域与等级差异,结合模糊数学计算化学成分可用性指数(CCUI)并评估其质量等级。结果显示:(1)山东烟区B2F烟叶总糖含量总体处于最优区间(21.60%),烟碱含量偏高(2.82%),还原糖、总氮、钾离子、氯离子含量总体低于最优区间;C3F还原糖含量处于最优区间(24.99%),总糖含量总体略高于最优区间,总氮、烟碱、钾离子、氯离子含量总体低于最优区间;B2F烟叶总糖和还原糖含量显著低于C3F,而总氮和烟碱含量显著高于C3F,两等级烟叶钾离子、氯离子含量无显著差异。(2)山东烟区烤烟各项化学成分变异系数较高(B2F为12.91%~42.68%,C3F为10.89%~48.57%),其中烟碱、钾离子、氯离子变异系数均超20%,整体波动显著。(3)不同产区间烤烟化学成分及CCUI存在显著差异,聚类分析显示,不同产区烤烟化学成分未呈现显著的地理分异特征。(4)部分产区烤烟CCUI存在低值化倾向,双等级较低及以下等级占比达32.49%~36.50%,总氮、钾离子和氯离子含量不足为共性限制因子。综上,山东部分产区烤烟化学成分协调性不足,产区与等级差异显著,生产管理对品质影响强于生态因子。未来需通过精准养分调控(补氮、钾、氯)与标准化生产,提升化学成分协调性,为工业配方提供优质原料。

关键词: 山东省, 烤烟, 产区, 常规化学成分, 多重比较, 聚类分析, 化学成分可用性指数

Abstract:

To investigate the differences and usability of chemical components in flue-cured tobacco from different production areas of Shandong Province, B2F and C3F grade flue-cured tobacco samples from 20 production areas in six regions (Weifang, Linyi, Jinan, Zibo, Rizhao, and Qingdao) were analyzed. The contents of total sugar, reducing sugar, total nitrogen, nicotine, potassium, and chloride were determined. Regional differences were analyzed through multiple comparisons and cluster analysis, while the chemical component usability index (CCUI) was calculated using fuzzy mathematics to evaluate quality grades. The results showed that: (1) The total sugar content of B2F tobacco was within the optimal range, but reducing sugar, total nitrogen, potassium, and chloride were below optimal levels, with nicotine content exceeding thresholds. C3F tobacco exhibited slightly higher total sugar and optimal reducing sugar, but insufficient total nitrogen, nicotine, potassium, and chloride. The B2F grade tobacco exhibited significantly lower total sugar and reducing sugar content compared to the C3F grade, while its total nitrogen and nicotine content were significantly higher. No significant differences were observed in potassium and chloride content between the two grades. (2) High coefficients of variation (CV) were observed in chemical components (B2F: 12.91%-42.68%; C3F: 10.89%-48.57%), with nicotine, potassium, and chloride CV exceeding 20%, indicating pronounced fluctuations. (3) Flue-cured tobacco exhibited significant differences in chemical components and usability among different production areas, yet cluster analysis revealed no distinct geographical differentiation patterns. (4) In some production areas, flue-cured tobacco exhibits a low-value tendency in CCUI, with insufficient total nitrogen, potassium, and chloride content being common limiting factors. In summary, in some tobacco production areas in Shandong Province, flue-cured tobacco exhibits insufficient chemical coordination. Targeted optimization of nitrogen, potassium, and chloride nutrient management, along with standardized cultivation practices, should be implemented to enhance quality.

Key words: Shandong Province, flue-cured tobacco, production areas, routine chemical components, multiple comparisons, cluster analysis, chemical component usability index