柑桔黄脉病接种方法评价及部分主栽品种抗病性鉴定

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0208

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

柑桔黄脉病传播速度快,危害严重,目前没有有效的防治方法,确定接种传播强度、种植和培育抗病品种可为该病害防控提供重要依据。本研究通过嫁接、汁液摩擦及注射3种方法接种柑桔黄脉病毒(CYVCV)到6个不同柑桔品种上,以确定其接种传染强度,并测定6个柑桔品种对CYVCV的抗性。结果表明：（1）嫁接接种发病株率及病情指数最高,分别达87.5%和40.27,且发病植株表现出了典型的黄脉病症状,叶片黄化严重,有较严重的脉明、皱缩情况,叶片出现卷曲;注射接种发病株率及病情指数分别为41.67%和18.05;汁液摩擦接种发病株率及病情指数低,为4.17%及1.39,表明柑桔黄脉病是一种具有较强嫁接传染性的柑桔病毒病。（2）6种柑桔品种接种黄脉病毒后,‘尤力克’的发病株率及病情指数最为严重达到83.33%和52.78,其黄化症状严重,出现较严重的脉明,有轻微卷曲和皱缩情况;对CYVCV的抗性测定结果表明‘春见’、‘不知火’、‘大雅’、‘明日见’对CYVCV中抗,‘金秋砂糖橘’对该病易感,‘尤力克’对该病高感。本研究可为柑桔黄脉病的早期发现、防控及柑桔栽培、抗病育种提供参考依据。

关键词: 柑桔, 柑桔黄脉病, 接种, 嫁接传播, 抗性, ‘尤力克’

Abstract:

At present, there is no effective method to prevent and cure Citrus yellow vein clearing virus (CYVCV), which has a fast spreading speed and serious harm. The determination of inoculation transmission intensity, and the planting and breeding of resistant varieties can provide an important basis for the prevention and control of CYVCV. In this study, CYVCV was inoculated into 6 different Citrus varieties by grafting, juice friction and injection to determine the infection intensity, and determine the resistance of the varieties to CYVCV. The test results showed that: (1) the grafting morbidity rate and disease index were the highest, reaching 87.5% and 40.27, in addition, the affected plants showed typical symptoms of CYVCV, with severe yellowing, severe yellow vein and shrinkage, and leaf curling; the incidence rate and disease index of injection were 41.67% and 18.05, and the incidence rate of juice friction and disease index were low, 4.17% and 1.39, respectively, showing that CYVCV was a kind of citrus virus disease with high infectivity of grafting; (2) after inoculation of CYVCV, the incidence and disease index of ‘Yulik’ reached 83.33% and 52.78, respectively, its yellowing symptom was serious, had more serious yellow vein, and slight curl and crinkle. The results of the determination of resistance to CYVCV showed that the medium resistance to CYVCV was found in ‘Harumi’, ‘Tacopon’, ‘Daya’, ‘MingRijian’; ‘Sugar orange’ was S; ‘Yulik’ was HS. This study can provide reference for the early detection, prevention and control of citrus yellow vein disease, and the cultivation and disease resistance breeding of citrus.

Key words: Citrus, CYVCV, inoculate, grafting transmission, resistance, ‘Yulik’

中图分类号:

S432.4+1

范中菡, 胡容平, 陈庆华, 陈庆东, 李洪浩. 柑桔黄脉病接种方法评价及部分主栽品种抗病性鉴定[J]. 中国农学通报, 2020, 36(31): 110-114.

Fan Zhonghan, Hu Rongping, Chen Qinghua, Chen Qingdong, Li Honghao. Evaluation of Inoculation Method of Citrus Yellow Vein Clearing Virus and Identification of Resistance of Main Cultivars[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2020, 36(31): 110-114.

图/表 7

参考文献 27

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序号	药剂名称	生产厂家
1	磷酸氢二钾	成都市科隆化学品有限公司
2	亚硫酸钠	成都金山化学试剂有限公司
3	三羟甲基甲胺	淮安和元化工有限公司

序号	药剂名称	生产厂家
1	磷酸氢二钾	成都市科隆化学品有限公司
2	亚硫酸钠	成都金山化学试剂有限公司
3	三羟甲基甲胺	淮安和元化工有限公司

级别	代表值	发病枝条比例或黄化、脉明、反卷占全树比例(x)
I	0	0
II	1	x<1/3
III	2	1/3≤x<2/3
IV	3	x≥2/3（至整株死亡）

级别	代表值	发病枝条比例或黄化、脉明、反卷占全树比例(x)
I	0	0
II	1	x<1/3
III	2	1/3≤x<2/3
IV	3	x≥2/3（至整株死亡）

级别	抗病性	相对抗性指数(x)
0	免疫(I)	x≥1
1	高抗(HR)	0.90≤x<1
3	抗病(R)	0.80≤x<0.90
5	中抗(MR)	0.50≤x<0.80
7	感病(S)	0.20≤x<0.5
9	高感(HS)	x<0.20