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中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (21): 156-160.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0580

• 盐碱地多样化生态化特色化综合利用 • 上一篇    下一篇

沧州市旱碱麦增产绿色调控技术研究进展

齐海坤1(), 薛建军2, 朱玉3, 艾爽4, 白金丽5, 张明才6, 张钰石6()   

  1. 1 沧州市农业农村局,河北沧州 061000
    2 沧州市农业综合行政执法支队,河北沧州 061000
    3 沧州市农业技术推广站,河北沧州 061000
    4 沧州市农业项目规划与监测中心,河北沧州 061000
    5 沧州市畜牧技术推广站,河北沧州 061000
    6 中国农业大学,北京 100193
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-14 修回日期:2025-07-22 出版日期:2025-07-25 发布日期:2025-08-05
  • 通讯作者:
    张钰石,男,1990年出生,副教授,研究方向:作物抗逆生理与化学调控技术。通信地址:100193 北京市圆明园西路2号 中国农业大学西校区,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    齐海坤,男,1990年出生,博士,研究方向:作物栽培学与耕作学。通信地址:061000 河北省沧州市政务大厅北楼 沧州市农业农村局,E-mail:

The Research Progress for Drought-Alkali Wheat Yield Increase and Green Regulation Technology in Cangzhou

QI Haikun1(), XUE Jianjun2, ZHU Yu3, AI Shuang4, BAI Jinli5, ZHANG Mingcai6, ZHANG Yushi6()   

  1. 1 Cangzhou Municipal Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Changzhou, Hebei 061000
    2 Cangzhou Agricultural Comprehensive Administrative Law Enforcement Detachment, Changzhou, Hebei 061000
    3 Cangzhou Agricultural Technology Extension Station, Changzhou, Hebei 061000
    4 Cangzhou Agricultural Project Planning and Monitoring Center, Changzhou, Hebei 061000
    5 Cangzhou Livestock Technology Promotion Station, Changzhou, Hebei 061000
    6 China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193
  • Received:2025-07-14 Revised:2025-07-22 Published:2025-07-25 Online:2025-08-05

摘要:

文章叙述了沧州市旱碱麦在盐碱地扩面增产过程中形成的品种选用、土壤改良、栽培管理等过程技术流程。回顾了2020—2024年旱碱麦种植面积从5.9×104 hm2增加至1.2×105 hm2、单产由3.1×103 kg/hm2提升至4.3×103 kg/hm2持续增长的轨迹。归纳总结了生育期内干旱、高盐碱、低温寡照等逆境条件对种子萌发、分蘖成穗以及籽粒灌浆所产生的生理抑制效应。剖析了外源脱落酸(ABA)、硅制剂、纳米氧化铈等绿色生物源调节剂,在提高根系Na+排斥、维持叶片K+稳态、清除活性氧中的最新作用机制。提出了以“播种前抗逆促发增蘖种子处理+拔节期壮秆抗逆化控+灌浆期稳叶促粒调控”为核心的全生育期靶向绿色调控技术体系,以期为旱碱麦产能跃升和绿色高效生产提供可借鉴的技术路径。

关键词: 沧州, 旱碱麦, 盐碱地, 绿色调控, 生物制剂, 高效种植, 抗逆增产

Abstract:

This paper delineated the integrated technological work process (encompassing cultivar selection, soil amelioration and cultivation management) developed for drought-alkali wheat expansion on saline soils in Cangzhou. It reviewed the consecutive growth trajectory in which the cropped area rose from 5.9×104 hm2 in 2020 to 1.2×105 hm2 in 2024, and the grain yield increased from 3.1×103 to 4.3×103 kg/hm2. The inhibitory effects exerted by drought, high salinity-alkalinity and low temperature-low light stresses during the growing season on seed germination, tiller formation and grain filling were summarized. The latest mechanisms of exogenous abscisic acid (ABA), silicon formulations and cerium oxide nanoparticles in enhancing root Na+ exclusion, maintaining foliar K+ homeostasis and scavenging reactive oxygen species were analyzed. A full-cycle, targeted green-regulation technical system centered on a framework of ‘seed treatment for stress-resilient germination and tillering stem-strengthening chemical regulation at jointing; culm-strengthening chemical regulation at jointing to improve lodging resistance and stress resilience; flag-leaf-sustaining and grain-filling-promoting regulation during the grain-filling stage’ was proposed, offering a replicable technological route for yield enhancement and green, efficient production of drought-alkali wheat.

Key words: Cangzhou, drought-alkali wheat, saline-alkali lands, green regulation technology, biological agents, efficient planting, resistance to stress and increased production