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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (21): 131-138.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0377

• 盐碱地多样化生态化特色化综合利用 • 上一篇    下一篇

改良剂对柴达木盆地盐碱土有机碳组分和团聚体稳定性的影响研究

孙毅1(), 王腾1, 傅云洁2, 鲍奎2, 王金贵1()   

  1. 1 青海大学农牧学院，西宁 810016
    2 青海奔盛草业有限公司，青海德令哈 817000
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-06 修回日期:2025-07-21 出版日期:2025-07-25 发布日期:2025-08-05
  • 通讯作者:
    王金贵，男，1982年出生，青海民和人，副教授，博士，主要从事土壤生态与资源环境方面的研究。通信地址：810016 西宁市城北区宁大路251号 青海大学农牧学院，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    孙毅，男，2000年出生，山东青岛人，硕士研究生，主要从事盐碱地改良方面的研究。通信地址：810016 西宁市城北区宁大路251号 青海大学农牧学院，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    青海省重大科技专项“柴达木盆地盐碱地改良与饲草高效栽培关键技术研究与集成”(2023-NK-A3); 青海省海西州重大科技专项“柴达木盆地耐盐碱饲草资源的评价与土壤有机质提升技术研究”(2023-ZD-H01)

Effects of Soil Amendments on Soil Organic Carbon Fractions and Aggregate Stability in Saline-Alkali Soil of Qaidam Basin

SUN Yi1(), WANG Teng1, FU Yunjie2, BAO Kui2, WANG Jingui1()   

  1. 1 Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College of Qinghai University, Xining 810016
    2 Qinghai Bensheng Grass Industry Co., Ltd., Delingha, Qinghai 817000
  • Received:2025-05-06 Revised:2025-07-21 Published:2025-07-25 Online:2025-08-05

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摘要： 本研究通过田间试验结合室内分析，评估了微藻营养液(WZ)、脱硫石膏(SG)、黄腐酸(HFS)、有机肥(YJF)和生物炭(SWT)对柴达木盆地盐碱土的改良效果，重点关注土壤有机碳组分和团聚体稳定性。结果表明：施用生物炭显著提高了土壤有机碳组分含量，其中SWT处理的SOC、POC、MAOC和EOC的含量最高，分别达到8.25、2.00、3.11和2.85 g/kg，较对照CK分别增加了112.53%、282.19%、70.13%和203.19%。施用黄腐酸则显著改善了土壤结构，提高了0.053~0.25 mm和>0.25 mm土壤水稳性团聚体的比例，较CK分别增加了17.89%和7.14%。HFS处理的MWD和GMD分别为7.131 mm和0.089 mm，较CK分别提高5.69%和18.67%。相关性分析显示，盐碱地土壤有机碳组分与水稳性团聚体的组成和稳定性无显著相关性，但SOC、EOC与<0.053 mm团聚体含量呈现正相关关系，而与0.053~0.25 mm团聚体含量、>0.25 mm团聚体含量、MWD和GMD之间呈现负相关关系。综上所述，施用生物炭更有利于土壤有机碳的积累，而施用黄腐酸更有利于改善土壤结构。

关键词: 改良剂, 盐碱地, 有机碳组分, 团聚体稳定性

Abstract:

This study employed a single-factor randomized block design with six treatments: control (CK), microalgal nutrient solution (WZ), desulfurization gypsum (SG), fulvic acid (HFS), organic fertilizer (YJF) and biochar (SWT). Combining field plot experiments with laboratory analysis, the research aimed to investigate the effects of different amendments on soil organic carbon (SOC) fractions and aggregate stability in saline-alkali soil of the Qaidam Basin. The improvement efficacy of the amendments was evaluated based on SOC fractions and aggregate stability. The results showed that biochar application significantly enhanced SOC fraction contents. The SOC, particulate organic carbon (POC), mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC) and easily oxidizable organic carbon (EOC) contents under the SWT treatment were significantly higher than those under other treatments, reaching to 8.25, 2.00, 3.11 and 2.85 g/kg. Compared with the CK treatment, these values were increased by 112.53%, 282.19%, 70.13% and 203.19%, respectively. Fulvic acid application effectively increased the proportion of water-stable aggregates in the 0.053-0.25 mm and >0.25 mm size classes, showing increases of 17.89% and 7.14 % compared to CK. Furthermore, the HFS treatment yielded the highest mean weight diameter (MWD) and geometric mean diameter (GMD) values among all treatments, at 7.131 mm and 0.089 mm. These values were 5.69% and 18.67% higher than those of the CK treatment. Correlation analysis indicated no significant relationship between SOC fractions and either the composition or stability of water-stable aggregates. SOC and EOC showed a positive correlation with the content of aggregates <0.053 mm, but a negative correlation with the contents of 0.053-0.25 mm aggregates, >0.25 mm aggregates, MWD and GMD. In conclusion, biochar application facilitated SOC accumulation, while fulvic acid application promoted soil structural improvement.

Key words: soil amendments, saline-alkali soils, organic carbon fractions, aggregate stability