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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (21): 145-155.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0271

• 盐碱地多样化生态化特色化综合利用 • 上一篇    下一篇

哈茨木霉菌配施改良剂对盐碱土理化特性及棉花抗盐碱响应的协同机制

万婷婷(), 何浩, 程李洋, 李帅, 余梦梦, 秦洁, 李铈阔, 李俊华()   

  1. 石河子大学农学院，新疆石河子 832003
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-30 修回日期:2025-07-24 出版日期:2025-07-25 发布日期:2025-08-05
  • 通讯作者:
    李俊华，男，1972年出生，陕西汉中人，教授，博士，研究方向：植物营养学。通信地址：832003 新疆石河子北五路石河子大学北苑新区农科楼215B，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    万婷婷，女，1999年出生，甘肃庆阳人，硕士研究生，研究方向：盐碱地改良技术。通信地址：832003 新疆石河子北五路石河子大学北苑新区，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    石河子大学成果转化与技术推广项目“有机物料提升盐碱地生产力技术研究与应用”(CGZH202203); 国家重点研发计划项目“盐碱土改良及作物抑盐高产复合栽培”(2021YFD190802); 新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项“生物障碍田定向调控培育健康耕层技术、产品研发”(2022A02007-4); 国家自然科学基金项目“有机替代下绿洲小麦-绿肥土壤碳氮转化的微生物机理研究”(32460801)

Synergistic Mechanism of Application of Trichoderma harzianum and Amendments on Physicochemical Properties of Saline-alkali Soil and Cotton’s Salt Alkali Resistance Response

WAN Tingting(), HE Hao, CHENG Liyang, LI Shuai, YU Mengmeng, QIN Jie, LI Shikuo, LI Junhua()   

  1. College of Agronomy, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832003
  • Received:2025-03-30 Revised:2025-07-24 Published:2025-07-25 Online:2025-08-05

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摘要： 本研究探讨了哈茨木霉菌与不同改良剂配施对盐碱土的协同改良效应及其对棉花生长的影响。通过盆栽试验，设置对照组（CK）、哈茨木霉菌单施（T）、哈茨木霉菌配施生物炭（BT）、腐植酸（HT）、有机肥（AT）和微生物菌剂（MT）共6个处理，研究其对盐碱土壤理化性质和棉花生长生理状况的影响。结果表明：AT处理使土壤pH降低2.58%，显著优于其他处理，同时显著增加土壤有机质、速效磷、速效钾和碱解氮含量，这说明改良处理显著改善了土壤理化性质；在棉花生长指标方面，AT处理显著提高株高（+36.40%）、茎粗（+49.50%）、地上部生物量（+68.67%）和地下部生物量（+89.29%），增幅最大；生理生化指标显示，T、AT和MT处理显著提高棉花叶片中超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶活性，降低丙二醛、可溶性蛋白和脯氨酸含量，表明其抗逆性提升；相关性分析揭示了土壤理化性质与棉花生长指标之间的显著相关性，为改良措施的优化提供了科学依据。研究发现，哈茨木霉菌配施有机肥（AT处理）在改善土壤理化性质和促进棉花生长方面效果最优，为新疆盐碱地高效利用和棉花优质高产提供了科学依据及实践指导。

关键词: 哈茨木霉菌, 改良剂, 土壤理化性质, 棉花, 生长生理指标

Abstract:

This study investigated the synergistic ameliorative effects of Trichoderma harzianum in combination with different soil amendments on saline-alkali soils, and their impact on cotton growth. A pot experiment was conducted with six treatments: control (CK), T. harzianum alone (T), T. harzianum combined with biochar (BT), humic acid (HT), organic fertilizer (AT), and microbial inoculant (MT). The effects on soil physicochemical properties and the physiological performance of cotton were comprehensively assessed. Results showed that the AT treatment (combination with organic fertilizer) reduced soil pH by 2.58%, significantly outperforming other treatments. It also markedly increased the contents of soil organic matter, available phosphorus, available potassium, and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, indicating that the amendments significantly improved soil physicochemical conditions. Regarding plant growth parameters, the AT treatment significantly enhanced plant height (+36.40%), stem diameter (+49.50%), aboveground biomass (+68.67%), and belowground biomass (+89.29%), representing the highest increases among all treatments. Physiological and biochemical analyses revealed that T, AT, and MT treatments significantly increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) in cotton leaves, while reducing the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), soluble protein, and proline, indicating enhanced stress resistance. Correlation analysis further demonstrated significant relationships between soil properties and cotton growth indicators, providing a scientific basis for optimizing soil amendment strategies. In conclusion, the combination of T. harzianum and organic fertilizer (AT treatment) was most effective in improving soil quality and promoting cotton growth. These findings offer scientific support and practical guidance for the efficient utilization of saline-alkali soils and the sustainable production of high-quality cotton in Xinjiang.

Key words: Trichoderma harzianum, amendment, soil physical and chemical properties, cotton, growth and physiological indicators