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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (7): 29-33.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0469

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

整地方式对稀疏退化林天山云杉直播幼苗更新过程的影响

冀文豪1(), 潘存德1(), 赵善超2, 凡永伟1, 侍之雅1   

  1. 1 新疆农业大学林学与风景园林学院，乌鲁木齐 830052
    2 新疆林业和草原局，乌鲁木齐 830000
  • 收稿日期:2024-07-15 修回日期:2025-02-11 出版日期:2025-03-05 发布日期:2025-03-03
  • 通讯作者:
    潘存德，男，1964年出生，新疆奇台人，教授，博士，主要从事森林生态与经营的研究。通信地址：830052 新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市沙依巴克区农大东路311号 新疆农业大学，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    冀文豪，男，1999年出生，山西平遥人，硕士研究生，研究方向：森林培育技术与应用。通信地址：830052 新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市沙依巴克区农大东路311号 新疆农业大学，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    中央财政林业草原生态保护恢复资金建设任务“天山云杉直播幼苗更新过程及早期生存动态”(新林规字〔2023〕212号)

Effects of Preparation Methods on Seedling Regeneration Process of Picea schrenkiana var. tianschanica Direct Seeding in Sparse Degraded Forest Land

JI Wenhao1(), PAN Cunde1(), ZHAO Shanchao2, FAN Yongwei1, SHI Zhiya1   

  1. 1 College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052
    2 Xinjiang Forestry and Grassland Bureau, Urumqi 830000
  • Received:2024-07-15 Revised:2025-02-11 Published:2025-03-05 Online:2025-03-03

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摘要：

分析整地方式对天山云杉(Picea schrenkiana var. tianschanica)直播幼苗更新过程的影响，探寻适合天山云杉直播的整地方式。以稀疏退化林天山云杉直播幼苗为研究对象，使用单因素方差分析和最小显著差法(LSD)检验3种整地方式对天山云杉直播出苗率和成苗率的差异性，使用Kaplan-Meier方法估计刻画3种整地方式直播幼苗更新的生存曲线，并采用有删失数据的K样本检验和Log-rank检验比较幼苗生存分布的差异性。结果表明，暴露土壤B层的出苗率极显著高于土壤添加生物炭和土壤丘状堆积的出苗率(P=0.000<0.01)，土壤添加生物炭的出苗率极显著高于土壤丘状堆积的出苗率(P=0.000<0.01)，而土壤丘状堆积的出苗率最低；暴露土壤B层和土壤添加生物炭的成苗率均极显著高于土壤丘状堆积(P=0.000<0.01)，暴露土壤B层与土壤添加生物炭的成苗率之间不显著(P=0.114>0.05)；暴露土壤B层和土壤添加生物炭的存活概率极显著高于土壤丘状堆积的存活概率(P=0.000<0.01)，暴露土壤B层的存活概率与土壤添加生物炭的存活概率之间不显著(P=0.268>0.05)。适合的整地方式有利于稀疏退化林地天山云杉直播，其中，暴露土壤B层为最适合直播的整地方式。

关键词: 天山云杉, 整地方式, 直播, 出苗, 成苗, 方差分析, Kaplan-Meier方法

Abstract:

Effects of preparation methods on seedling regeneration process of direct seeding of Picea schrenkiana var. tianschanica were analyzed in order to explore suitable preparation methods for the direct seeding of P. schrenkiana var. tianschanica. Taking direct seeding of P. schrenkiana var. tianschanica in sparse degraded forest land as the object, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Fisher’s least significance difference (LSD) method were used to test the difference of seedling emergence rate and seedling establishment rate of P. schrenkiana var. tianschanica in different preparation methods. The survival curve of direct seeding of P. schrenkiana var. tianschanica in different preparation methods was estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method, and the difference of seedling survival distribution was compared by the K sample test and the Log-rank test with censored data. The seedling emergence rate was highest when the preparation method exposing soil B layer, followed by topsoil biochar addition, and the seedling emergence rate was lowest at the soil mound accumulation. There were significant differences in emergence rate among the three preparation methods(P=0.000<0.01). The seedling survival rate was significantly higher in the preparation methods that exposing soil B layer and topsoil biochar addition compared to the soil mound accumulation (P=0.000<0.01). There was no significant difference in seedling survival rate between the preparation methods that exposing soil B layer and topsoil biochar addition (P=0.114>0.05). The survival probability of the preparation methods that exposing soil B layer and topsoil biochar addition was significantly higher than that of the soil mound accumulation (P=0.000<0.01), and the survival probability of the preparation method that exposing soil B layer was no significant difference with that of topsoil biochar addition (P=0.268>0.05). Suitable preparation methods can promote the direct seeding of P. schrenkiana var. tianschanica in sparse degraded forest land. Among them, exposing soil B layer is the most suitable preparation method for the direct seeding.

Key words: Picea schrenkiana var. tianschanica, preparation methods, direct seeding, seedling emergence, seedling establishment, variance analysis, Kaplan-Meier method