不同碳源对双孢蘑菇菌株A15和W192菌丝生长及胞外酶活性的影响

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0338

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (9): 140-148.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0338

不同碳源对双孢蘑菇菌株A15和W192菌丝生长及胞外酶活性的影响

王倩(), 肖婷婷, 张宇辰, 张津京, 隽加香, 陈辉, 陈明杰, 黄建春()

上海市农业科学院食用菌研究所，农业农村部南方食用菌资源利用重点实验室，国家食用菌工程技术研究中心，国家食用菌加工技术研发分中心，上海市农业遗传育种重点开放实验室，上海 201403

收稿日期:2024-05-23 修回日期:2024-09-15 出版日期:2025-03-25 发布日期:2025-03-25
通讯作者:
黄建春，男，1964年出生，上海人，研究员，硕士，主要从事双孢蘑菇栽培技术与示范推广。通信地址：201403 上海市奉贤区金齐路上海市农业科学院食用菌研究所，Tel：021-62200747，E-mail：jianmushroom@163.com。
作者简介:
王倩，女，1982年出生，山东招远人，副研究员，硕士，主要从事双孢蘑菇栽培与生理研究。通信地址：201403 上海市奉贤区金齐路上海市农业科学院食用菌研究所，Tel：021-62200747，E-mail：wq-15309@163.com。
基金资助:
上海市现代农业产业技术体系(沪农科产字（2023）第9号)

Effects of Different Carbon Sources on Mycelium Growth and Extracellular Enzyme Activities of Agaricus bisporus A15 and W192

WANG Qian(), XIAO Tingting, ZHANG Yuchen, ZHANG Jinjing, JUAN Jiaxiang, CHEN Hui, CHEN Mingjie, HUANG Jianchun()

Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences/ Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/ National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi/ National R&D Center for Edible Fungi Processing/ Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding of Shanghai, Shanghai 201403

Received:2024-05-23 Revised:2024-09-15 Published:2025-03-25 Online:2025-03-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为研究不同碳源对双孢蘑菇商业菌株A15和W192菌丝生长及胞外酶活性的影响，了解其对碳水化合物的生理需求。以不同单糖、双糖、低聚糖、多糖为试材，测定双孢蘑菇的菌丝生长速度、菌丝生物量、胞外木质纤维素酶活性。结果显示，单糖中葡萄糖、果糖对W192菌丝生物量的促进作用比A15显著，使A15菌丝生物量增加7.7%~30.8%和23.1%~38.5%，使W192的菌丝生物量增加21.1%~36.8%和26.3%~57.9%。海藻糖、蔗糖、淀粉、纤维素提高了菌丝生长速度，海藻糖、麦芽糖、蔗糖、低聚木糖、淀粉、纤维素增加了菌丝生物量，0.5%纤维素使A15和W192分别增加3.3、2.3倍。分别有10个碳源提高A15和W192的漆酶、C1及Cx活性，12个碳源均抑制A15的β-GC活性，除木聚糖、木质素外，其余10个碳源可以提高W192的β-GC活性。研究发现，双糖（海藻糖、麦芽糖、蔗糖）、低聚木糖、多糖（淀粉、微晶纤维素）对促进双孢蘑菇菌丝生长作用显著，且促进作用优于单糖，微晶纤维素对双孢蘑菇菌丝生长的促进效果最好，W192可能比A15有更高的碳源需求或耐受性。研究旨在为两个菌株的栽培生理研究积累数据，可以基于W192和A15的偏好，设计不同碳源原料的培养基配方。

关键词: 双孢蘑菇, 商业菌株, A15, W192, 碳源, 菌丝生长, 胞外酶

Abstract:

The effects of different carbon sources on the mycelium growth and extracellular enzyme activities of A15 and W192 were investigated to understand the physiological requirements of carbohydrates of the two commercial Agaricus bisporus strains. Using different monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides as test materials, the mycelial growth rate, mycelial biomass and extracellular lignocellulase activities were determined. Glucose and fructose increased the mycelial biomass of A15 by 7.7%-30.8% and 23.1%-38.5%, respectively, while that of W192 was increased by 21.1%-36.8% and 26.3%-57.9%, respectively. Trehalose, sucrose, starch and cellulose increased the growth rate of mycelia; trehalose, maltose, sucrose, xylo-oligosaccharide, starch and cellulose increased mycelial biomass, among which 0.5% cellulose increased the mycelial biomass of A15 and W192 by 3.3 and 2.3 times, respectively. 10 carbon sources increased laccase, C1 and Cx activities of A15 and W192, respectively. All the 12 carbon sources inhibited β-GC activity of A15. However, in addition to xylan and lignin, the β-GC activity of W192 was increased. Trehalose, maltose, sucrose, xylo-oligosaccharide, starch and microcrystalline cellulose promote mycelial growth significantly. W192 may have higher carbon source demand or tolerance than A15.

Key words: Agaricus bisporus, commercial stains, A15, W192, carbon source, mycelial growth, extracellular enzyme

王倩, 肖婷婷, 张宇辰, 张津京, 隽加香, 陈辉, 陈明杰, 黄建春. 不同碳源对双孢蘑菇菌株A15和W192菌丝生长及胞外酶活性的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2025, 41(9): 140-148.

WANG Qian, XIAO Tingting, ZHANG Yuchen, ZHANG Jinjing, JUAN Jiaxiang, CHEN Hui, CHEN Mingjie, HUANG Jianchun. Effects of Different Carbon Sources on Mycelium Growth and Extracellular Enzyme Activities of Agaricus bisporus A15 and W192[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2025, 41(9): 140-148.

图/表 6

参考文献 27

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碳源	A15
碳源	0.50%	1%	2%	4%
葡萄糖	1.65±0.07 n	1.48±0.06 o	1.42±0.05 op	1.21±0.07 qr
木糖	1.91±0.14 jk	1.40±0.05 op	1.34±0.09 p	0.94±0.11 s
果糖	1.69±0.05 mn	1.43±0.08 op	1.36±0.03 op	1.48±0.08 o
海藻糖	2.07±0.13 hi	2.41±0.15 bcde	2.42±0.08 bcde	2.18±0.34 gh
纤维二糖	1.62±0.22 n	1.35±0.07 op	1.32±0.06 pq	1.17±0.06 r
麦芽糖	2.09±0.17 hi	2.29±0.19 efg	2.23±0.09 fg	1.79±0.25 klm
蔗糖	2.39±0.10 cde	2.59±0.13 a	2.42±0.13 bcde	2.39±0.40 cde
低聚木糖	2.29±0.12 efg	2.35±0.13 def	1.74±0.04 lmn	2.05±0.07 i
淀粉	2.41±0.08 bcde	2.52±0.14 abc	2.54±0.14 ab	2.22±0.25 fg
纤维素	2.59±0.12 a	2.40±0.18 cde	2.47±0.09 abcd	2.57±0.22 a
木聚糖	1.98±0.17 ij	1.86±0.06 jkl	1.75±0.06 lmn
木质素	2.18±0.17 gh	1.69±0.11 mn
CK	2.34±0.10 def
碳源	W192
碳源	0.50%	1%	2%	4%
葡萄糖	2.89±0.10 ijk	3.09±0.06 def	3.00±0.09 gh	2.07±0.05 s
木糖	3.07±0.14 efg	2.90±0.03 ij	2.58±0.05 op	1.76±0.05 t
果糖	2.58±0.06 op	2.59±0.07 op	2.73±0.11 mn	2.16±0.15 r
海藻糖	3.09±0.05 def	3.18±0.08 bc	3.17±0.06 bcd	3.23±0.04 ab
纤维二糖	2.81±0.10 klm	2.74±0.10 mn	2.32±0.08 q	1.54±0.07 u
麦芽糖	3.09±0.10 def	3.19±0.08 bc	3.06±0.11 efg	2.95±0.08 hi
蔗糖	3.17±0.11 bcd	3.11±0.10 cdef	3.10±0.06 cdef	3.29±0.07 a
低聚木糖	2.97±0.14 hi	3.12±0.04 cde	2.83±0.07 jkl	2.54±0.11 p
淀粉	3.14±0.13 cde	3.03±0.07 fgh	2.91±0.10 ij	2.78±0.12 lm
纤维素	3.11±0.08 cdef	3.16±0.06 bcd	2.97±0.16 hi	2.86±0.11 jkl
木聚糖	2.66±0.09 no	2.66±0.08 no	2.13±0.08 rs
木质素	2.66±0.12 no	2.34±0.18 q
CK	3.10±0.04 cdef

碳源	A15
碳源	0.50%	1%	2%	4%
葡萄糖	1.65±0.07 n	1.48±0.06 o	1.42±0.05 op	1.21±0.07 qr
木糖	1.91±0.14 jk	1.40±0.05 op	1.34±0.09 p	0.94±0.11 s
果糖	1.69±0.05 mn	1.43±0.08 op	1.36±0.03 op	1.48±0.08 o
海藻糖	2.07±0.13 hi	2.41±0.15 bcde	2.42±0.08 bcde	2.18±0.34 gh
纤维二糖	1.62±0.22 n	1.35±0.07 op	1.32±0.06 pq	1.17±0.06 r
麦芽糖	2.09±0.17 hi	2.29±0.19 efg	2.23±0.09 fg	1.79±0.25 klm
蔗糖	2.39±0.10 cde	2.59±0.13 a	2.42±0.13 bcde	2.39±0.40 cde
低聚木糖	2.29±0.12 efg	2.35±0.13 def	1.74±0.04 lmn	2.05±0.07 i
淀粉	2.41±0.08 bcde	2.52±0.14 abc	2.54±0.14 ab	2.22±0.25 fg
纤维素	2.59±0.12 a	2.40±0.18 cde	2.47±0.09 abcd	2.57±0.22 a
木聚糖	1.98±0.17 ij	1.86±0.06 jkl	1.75±0.06 lmn
木质素	2.18±0.17 gh	1.69±0.11 mn
CK	2.34±0.10 def
碳源	W192
碳源	0.50%	1%	2%	4%
葡萄糖	2.89±0.10 ijk	3.09±0.06 def	3.00±0.09 gh	2.07±0.05 s
木糖	3.07±0.14 efg	2.90±0.03 ij	2.58±0.05 op	1.76±0.05 t
果糖	2.58±0.06 op	2.59±0.07 op	2.73±0.11 mn	2.16±0.15 r
海藻糖	3.09±0.05 def	3.18±0.08 bc	3.17±0.06 bcd	3.23±0.04 ab
纤维二糖	2.81±0.10 klm	2.74±0.10 mn	2.32±0.08 q	1.54±0.07 u
麦芽糖	3.09±0.10 def	3.19±0.08 bc	3.06±0.11 efg	2.95±0.08 hi
蔗糖	3.17±0.11 bcd	3.11±0.10 cdef	3.10±0.06 cdef	3.29±0.07 a
低聚木糖	2.97±0.14 hi	3.12±0.04 cde	2.83±0.07 jkl	2.54±0.11 p
淀粉	3.14±0.13 cde	3.03±0.07 fgh	2.91±0.10 ij	2.78±0.12 lm
纤维素	3.11±0.08 cdef	3.16±0.06 bcd	2.97±0.16 hi	2.86±0.11 jkl
木聚糖	2.66±0.09 no	2.66±0.08 no	2.13±0.08 rs
木质素	2.66±0.12 no	2.34±0.18 q
CK	3.10±0.04 cdef

碳源	A15
碳源	0.50%	1%	2%	4%
葡萄糖	0.14±0.01hij	0.15±0.01ghij	0.17±0.01ghij	0.17±0.02ghij
木糖	0.13±0.01hij	0.12±0.01hij	0.22±0.03ghij	0.22±0.02ghij
果糖	0.18±0.02ghij	0.16±0.02ghij	0.18±0.00ghij	0.18±0.01ghij
海藻糖	0.22±0.02ghij	0.23±0.03ghij	0.23±0.02ghij	0.27±0.01ghij
纤维二糖	0.15±0.00ghij	0.17±0.01ghij	0.15±0.00ghij	/
麦芽糖	0.20±0.06ghij	0.20±0.03ghij	0.21±0.01ghij	0.26±0.02ghij
蔗糖	0.18±0.02ghij	0.18±0.02ghij	0.21±0.04ghij	0.30±0.08ghi
低聚木糖	0.22±0.05ghij	0.24±0.01ghij	0.39±0.08fg	0.20±0.03ghij
淀粉	0.18±0.02ghij	0.33±0.03gh	0.71±0.10e	1.80±0.20c
纤维素	0.56±0.05ef	1.11±0.14d	2.05±0.25b	3.86±0.70a
木聚糖	0.13±0.01hij	0.15±0.01hij	/	/
木质素	0.06±0.02ij	0.04±0.01ij	/	/
CK	0.13±0.01hij
碳源	W192
碳源	0.50%	1%	2%	4%
葡萄糖	0.24±0.03fghij	0.23±0.06fghij	0.26±0.01fghij	0.26±0.01fghij
木糖	0.25±0.01fghij	0.21±0.05fghij	0.20±0.01fghij	0.19±0.02ghij
果糖	0.24±0.01fghij	0.28±0.03fghij	0.30±0.01fghi	0.29±0.02fghi
海藻糖	0.36±0.01fgh	0.35±0.01fgh	0.41±0.04fg	0.36±0.05fgh
纤维二糖	0.15±0.02hij	0.15±0.03hij	0.16±0.04hij	/
麦芽糖	0.30±0.06fghi	0.33±0.01fgh	0.34±0.04fgh	0.40±0.06fg
蔗糖	0.33±0.04fgh	0.33±0.10fgh	0.43±0.06ef	0.37±0.02fgh
低聚木糖	0.23±0.00fghij	0.32±0.02fghi	0.27±0.05fghij	0.21±0.08fghij
淀粉	0.28±0.02fghij	0.40±0.06fg	0.69±0.03d	0.96±0.05c
纤维素	0.62±0.08de	1.04±0.29c	2.03±0.36b	3.92±0.57a
木聚糖	0.16±0.09hij	0.18±0.03ghij	/	/
木质素	0.05±0.02j	0.09±0.02ij	/	/
CK	0.19±0.01ghij

碳源	A15
碳源	0.50%	1%	2%	4%
葡萄糖	0.14±0.01hij	0.15±0.01ghij	0.17±0.01ghij	0.17±0.02ghij
木糖	0.13±0.01hij	0.12±0.01hij	0.22±0.03ghij	0.22±0.02ghij
果糖	0.18±0.02ghij	0.16±0.02ghij	0.18±0.00ghij	0.18±0.01ghij
海藻糖	0.22±0.02ghij	0.23±0.03ghij	0.23±0.02ghij	0.27±0.01ghij
纤维二糖	0.15±0.00ghij	0.17±0.01ghij	0.15±0.00ghij	/
麦芽糖	0.20±0.06ghij	0.20±0.03ghij	0.21±0.01ghij	0.26±0.02ghij
蔗糖	0.18±0.02ghij	0.18±0.02ghij	0.21±0.04ghij	0.30±0.08ghi
低聚木糖	0.22±0.05ghij	0.24±0.01ghij	0.39±0.08fg	0.20±0.03ghij
淀粉	0.18±0.02ghij	0.33±0.03gh	0.71±0.10e	1.80±0.20c
纤维素	0.56±0.05ef	1.11±0.14d	2.05±0.25b	3.86±0.70a
木聚糖	0.13±0.01hij	0.15±0.01hij	/	/
木质素	0.06±0.02ij	0.04±0.01ij	/	/
CK	0.13±0.01hij
碳源	W192
碳源	0.50%	1%	2%	4%
葡萄糖	0.24±0.03fghij	0.23±0.06fghij	0.26±0.01fghij	0.26±0.01fghij
木糖	0.25±0.01fghij	0.21±0.05fghij	0.20±0.01fghij	0.19±0.02ghij
果糖	0.24±0.01fghij	0.28±0.03fghij	0.30±0.01fghi	0.29±0.02fghi
海藻糖	0.36±0.01fgh	0.35±0.01fgh	0.41±0.04fg	0.36±0.05fgh
纤维二糖	0.15±0.02hij	0.15±0.03hij	0.16±0.04hij	/
麦芽糖	0.30±0.06fghi	0.33±0.01fgh	0.34±0.04fgh	0.40±0.06fg
蔗糖	0.33±0.04fgh	0.33±0.10fgh	0.43±0.06ef	0.37±0.02fgh
低聚木糖	0.23±0.00fghij	0.32±0.02fghi	0.27±0.05fghij	0.21±0.08fghij
淀粉	0.28±0.02fghij	0.40±0.06fg	0.69±0.03d	0.96±0.05c
纤维素	0.62±0.08de	1.04±0.29c	2.03±0.36b	3.92±0.57a
木聚糖	0.16±0.09hij	0.18±0.03ghij	/	/
木质素	0.05±0.02j	0.09±0.02ij	/	/
CK	0.19±0.01ghij

碳源	漆酶/ [nmol/(min·mL)]			MnP/ [nmol/(min·mL)]		ACX/ [nmol/(min·mL)]		β-木糖苷酶/ [nmol/(min·mL)]		滤纸酶 /[mg/(min·mL)]		C1/ [μg/(min·mL)]	CX/ [μg/(min·mL)]	β-GC/ [nmol/(min·mL)]
葡萄糖	2858.38±567.01def			0.40±0.05c		1309.35±219.22b		8.61±0.65e		1.06±0.06d		329.82±64.10a	25.34±1.39b	2.18±0.43cd
木糖	3545.96±241.91abc			0.44±0.05c		1573.54±281.66a		7.52±1.48e		1.18±0.11d		155.12±27.57d	25.69±4.76b	2.61±0.10abc
果糖	3175.38±356.27bcde			2.04±0.46b		1091.56±81.87bc		12.40±1.25d		0.92±0.16d		213.43±24.28c	26.07±1.45b	2.42±0.12bcd
海藻糖	2792.57±118.19ef			0.82±0.03c		531.28±85.64efg		16.11±2.51c		1.63±0.02c		133.45±4.13d	10.38±0.24d	2.12±0.06cd
纤维二糖	3699.31±307.02a			0.48±0.02c		378.16±51.93fg		12.51±0.81d		0.91±0.07d		157.98±16.49d	17.18±1.51c	2.40±0.10bcd
麦芽糖		3078.07±250.72cde	0.89±0.15c		291.16±57.43g		15.48±2.30c		3.78±0.38a		265.50±27.38b		59.86±8.29a	2.09±0.07d
蔗糖		3348.14±49.42abcd	0.91±0.11c		315.52±57.56fg		15.73±1.57c		1.13±0.18d		140.96±5.46d		10.42±0.13d	2.07±0.17d
低聚木糖		3621.54±169.62ab	4.85±0.96a		711.08±114.29de		21.15±1.89b		3.99±0.19a		282.21±20.19b		26.21±2.85b	2.21±0.14cd
淀粉		3122.43±236.07cde	0.75±0.06c		557.96±106.26ef		16.24±1.96c		2.17±0.23b		171.08±5.35d		10.95±0.31d	2.09±0.04d
纤维素		3056.67±266.37cde	0.96±0.16c		430.94±76.25fg		17.12±1.70c		0.94±0.19d		125.89±2.29d		10.30±0.15d	2.56±0.28abcd
木聚糖		2064.05±100.61g	0.84±0.16c		1046.32±190.72c		15.26±0.83cd		0.99±0.12d		219.50±23.84c		12.94±2.36cd	2.54±0.19abcd
木质素		647.89±56.68h	1.91±0.12b		809.10±155.23d		30.88±2.18a		1.17±0.05d		161.93±19.66d		13.24±1.68cd	2.72±0.49ab
CK		2449.68±206.27fg	0.76±0.10c			328.86±68.35fg	21.90±0.38b		1.09±0.17d		127.84±1.78d		10.16±0.30d	3.02±0.52a

不同碳源对双孢蘑菇菌株A15和W192菌丝生长及胞外酶活性的影响

Effects of Different Carbon Sources on Mycelium Growth and Extracellular Enzyme Activities of Agaricus bisporus A15 and W192

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碳源	漆酶/ [nmol/(min·mL)]	MnP/ [nmol/(min·mL)]	ACX/ [nmol/(min·mL)]		β-木糖苷酶/ [nmol/(min·mL)]	FPA /[mg/(min·mL)]	C1/ [μg/(min·mL)]	CX/ [μg/(min·mL)]	β-GC/ [nmol/(min·mL)]
葡萄糖	2554.32±271.87c	1.36±0.16de	1117.60±126.17a		14.64±0.39b	1.04±0.08cd	141.04±10.65d	19.41±2.20c	2.42±0.21bc
木糖	4156.38±248.80a	0.67±0.06ef	694.84±40.68d		13.34±0.54b	1.23±0.09bc	141.45±13.92d	14.28±2.78d	2.62±0.35ab
果糖	2878.01±249.01bc	0.29±0.03f	921.33±154.27b		14.75±1.03b	1.26±0.24bc	233.29±46.01b	27.28±4.61b	2.71±0.09ab
海藻糖	3234.98±206.02b	2.37±0.42bc	325.38±63.53ef		16.46±1.41b	1.21±0.15bc	139.52±2.23d	10.86±0.13d	2.49±0.04abc
纤维二糖	4450.37±335.23a	0.31±0.02f	864.99±13.92bc		15.50±0.98b	1.62±0.22b	178.12±1.67cd	11.74±0.40d	2.59±0.18abc
麦芽糖	4198.52±153.02a	5.52±1.07a	429.78±93.39e		15.46±1.12b	5.59±0.97a	381.43±76.21a	65.28±5.73a	2.67±0.12ab
蔗糖	2829.62±432.76bc	2.55±0.44bc	424.56±10.58e		14.22±1.17b	0.59±0.06d	139.90±0.84d	10.20±0.27d	2.35±0.02bc
低聚木糖	4116.18±311.95a	0.96±0.19ef	1226.70±38.87a		20.21±1.19b	1.01±0.08cd	166.11±26.50cd	23.85±2.18b	2.85±0.36a
淀粉	2895.36±131.34bc	2.94±0.41b	190.24±30.25f		16.29±2.65b	1.61±0.05b	136.99±4.11d	11.53±0.24d	2.57±0.28abc
纤维素	2508.31±138.65c	2.58±0.44b	325.38±66.12ef		17.20±1.27b	0.92±0.11cd	136.21±1.56d	11.43±0.15d	2.36±0.13bc
木聚糖	1004.40±52.49d	1.81±0.22cd	728.77±143.07cd		16.02±0.97b	1.10±0.04bcd	195.29±38.33bc	13.48±1.20d	1.06±0.19d
木质素	5.61±0.31e	0.69±0.12ef	870.00±135.85bc		69.57±12.90a	1.40±0.09bc	162.45±11.09cd	10.39±0.59d	0.98±0.10d
CK	2467.87±259.65c	2.46±0.49bc		437.32±63.60e	19.02±0.76b	1.22±0.07bc	137.96±3.26d	10.43±0.48d	2.24±0.02c

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