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中国农学通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (6): 121-128.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0369

所属专题: 生物技术 植物保护 园艺

• 植物保护·农药 • 上一篇    下一篇

云南省草果主要病原真菌鉴定及防治药剂筛选

吴佳佳1(), 朱佳红1, 曹坳程1, 颜冬冬1, 王秋霞1, 张春华2, 李园1()   

  1. 1农业部农药化学与应用重点开放实验室,中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,北京 100193
    2福贡县农业局,植保植检站,云南怒江 673499
  • 收稿日期:2021-04-08 修回日期:2021-07-28 出版日期:2022-02-25 发布日期:2022-03-16
  • 通讯作者: 李园
  • 作者简介:吴佳佳,女,1996年出生,河南周口人,在读硕士研究生,主要从事农药生物学研究。通信地址:100193 北京市海淀区圆明园西路2号 植物保护研究所,农药生物学组,Tel:15737160876,E-mail: 15737160876@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研究开发计划“葡萄及瓜类化肥农药减施技术集成研究与示范”(2018YFD0201300);国家自然科学基金“基于宏基因组和宏转录组学研究氯化苦熏蒸对土壤微生物群落结构及功能的影响”(31672066);北京市创新团队“果类蔬菜产业技术体系北京市创新团队”(BAIC01-2017)

Amomum tsao-ko in Yunnan Province: Identification of Major Pathogenic Fungi and Screening of Control Fungicides

WU Jiajia1(), ZHU Jiahong1, CAO Aocheng1, YAN Dongdong1, WANG Qiuxia1, ZHANG Chunhua2, LI Yuan1()   

  1. 1Key Laboratory of Pesticide Chemistry and Application, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193
    2Fugong County Agriculture Bureau, Plant Protection and Plant Inspection Station, Nujiang, Yunnan 673499
  • Received:2021-04-08 Revised:2021-07-28 Online:2022-02-25 Published:2022-03-16
  • Contact: LI Yuan

摘要:

为了明确引起云南草果植株主要病害的病原真菌种类,筛选能有效抑制分离病原菌的杀菌剂,为草果病害化学防治提供依据。采用组织分离法纯化培养,并通过形态学鉴定并结合ITS,TEF,ACT和GAPDH序列分析确定病原菌的分类地位;通过菌丝生长速率法,明确7种杀菌剂对草果主要病害的防治效果。结果表明,分离到的菌株为禾谷镰刀菌(Fusarium graminearum)和胶孢炭疽菌(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides)。防治药剂筛选结果显示,对于禾谷镰刀菌,所选的7种杀菌剂中京彩的防治效果达到93%以上。对于胶孢炭疽菌,代森锰锌在田间推荐量区间内可以实现百分百防治。蓝楷、京彩、施灰乐低浓度时对胶孢炭疽菌的防治效果均达到了90%以上。推荐京彩、施灰乐,代森锰锌和蓝楷作为云南省草果主要真菌病害的优选兼治药剂。

关键词: 草果病害, 分离鉴定, 致病性, 防治效果, 菌丝生长速率法

Abstract:

In order to identify the fungal pathogens causing the main diseases of Amomum tsao-ko in Yunnan, screen the fungicides which can effectively inhibit the pathogens, and provide a basis for chemical control of Amomum tsao-ko diseases, tissue separation and purification culture were conducted, and the classification status of pathogens were identified and analyzed with morphology identification and ITS, TEF, ACT and GAPDH sequence analysis. The control effects of 7 fungicides on Amomum tsao-ko diseases were studied by using mycelial growth rate method. The results showed that the isolated strains were Fusarium graminearum and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Screening results of control agents showed that the inhibition rate of the F. graminearum reached 93% by Jingcai. Within the recommended range in field, the inhibition rate of the C. gloeosporioides reached 100% by Mancozeb. Lankai, Jingcai and Shihuile all achieved more than 90% control effect at low concentration. Jingcai, Shihuile, Mancozeb and Lankai are recommended as the optimal fungicides for Amomum tsao-ko fungal diseases in Yunnan Province.

Key words: Amomum tsao-ko diseases, isolation and identification, pathogenicity, control efficiency, mycelial growth rate method

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