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中国农学通报 ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (29): 92-98.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0774

所属专题: 马铃薯

• 植物保护 • 上一篇    下一篇

黑龙江省马铃薯晚疫病CARAH监测预警模型的应用评价

闵凡祥1(), 王贵江2(), 杨帅1, 胡林双1, 王文重1, 魏琪1, 李文枫3   

  1. 1黑龙江省农业科学院马铃薯研究所,哈尔滨 150086
    2黑龙江省农业科学院,哈尔滨 150086
    3黑龙江省农业科学院农业遥感与信息研究所,哈尔滨 150086
  • 收稿日期:2020-12-11 修回日期:2021-04-13 出版日期:2021-10-15 发布日期:2021-10-29
  • 通讯作者: 王贵江
  • 作者简介:闵凡祥,男,1980年出生,安徽宿县人,副研究员,硕士,主要从事马铃薯病害防治技术方面的研究。通信地址:150086 黑龙江省哈尔滨市南岗区学府路368号 黑龙江省农业科学院马铃薯研究所,Tel:0451-86638341,E-mail: minfanxiang@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目课题“马铃薯化学肥料和化学农药高效施用先进装备及配套技术的研究与应用”(2018YFD0200803);科技部国际科技合作计划项目“马铃薯晚疫病可持续防控技术合作研究”(2014DFG32260)

CARAH Warning Model of Potato Late Blight in Heilongjiang Province: Evaluation

Min Fanxiang1(), Wang Guijiang2(), Yang Shuai1, Hu Linshuang1, Wang Wenzhong1, Wei Qi1, Li Wenfeng3   

  1. 1Potato Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086
    2Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086
    3Institute of Agricultural Remote Sensing and Information, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086
  • Received:2020-12-11 Revised:2021-04-13 Online:2021-10-15 Published:2021-10-29
  • Contact: Wang Guijiang

摘要:

为了避免在马铃薯晚疫病化学防治过程中用药不及时和盲目过度施药,提升防治效率,达到精准防治的目的。本研究开展CARAH晚疫病监测预警模型、丹麦NEGFRY模型和常规施药防治方法相结合进行田间小区试验。通过调查马铃薯晚疫病发生情况,分析不同处理的药剂防治效果和经济效益,评价CARAH晚疫病监测预警模型在马铃薯晚疫病防治中的作用。本研究结果显示CARAH监测预警模型病害预警情况与实际病害发生拟合度达93%。采用CARAH监测预警模型,可减少杀菌剂使用次数1~3次,产量降低损失48.47%,商品薯率提高12.63%,病薯率降低4.43%,经济效益增加10966元/hm2。因此,通过建立黑龙江省马铃薯晚疫病CARAH监测预警模型,可用于指导黑龙江省马铃薯晚疫病防治工作,可以减少不必要杀菌剂喷施,达到精准治的效果,完成减药目标。

关键词: 马铃薯晚疫病, 监测预警模型, 防治效果, 黑龙江省

Abstract:

The objectives are to avoid the application of delayed or excessive pesticide, improve the control efficiency, and achieve precise control on potato late blight. The potato late blight forecast model of CARAH, NEGFRY model of Denmark, and conventional control of applying fungicide were combined and used in field plot experiment. The control effect and economic benefit were analyzed by investigating the occurrence of potato late blight, and the role of CARAH model on potato late blight control was evaluated. The results showed that the fitting degree of the disease warning of CM was 93% compared with the actual disease occurrence. Using the CM, the application times of fungicides were reduced 1-3 times, the yield loss was reduced by 48.47%, the commercial potato rate was increased by 12.63%, the diseased potato rate was decreased by 4.43%, and the economic benefit was increased by 10966 yuan/hm2. Therefore, the establishment of CARAH model of potato late blight in Heilongjiang Province could guide the prevention and control of potato late blight in Heilongjiang Province, reduce the unnecessary application of fungicide, and achieve the effect of precise treatment and target of reduction chemicals.

Key words: potato late blight, monitoring and warning model, control effect, Heilongjiang Province

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