关键词: 黑土地, 保护性耕作, 秸秆还田, 免耕播种, 黑龙江省

Abstract:

Black soil, rich in organic matter and soil nutrients, is one of the excellent soil resources in the world and a valuable strategic resource for China. Located in northeastern China, Heilongjiang Province is home to fertile black soil area, hence is an important commercial grain base in the country. In recent years, the fertility of black soil has decreased and the black soil layer has become thinner as a result of soil erosion and other factors. In such a context, fully implementing conservation tillage in black soil has become a necessity. This paper applied the data analysis method and literature analysis method to analyze the status quo of the implementation of conservation tillage in black soil in Heilongjiang Province as well as existing problems. The study found that the implementing of conservation tillage in black soil faces many difficulties, including farmers’ low awareness of black soil conservation tillage, nonstandard application of technologies, shortage in technologies, machines and tools, and absence of a long-term mechanism for conservation tillage in black soil. In this regard, to promote conservation tillage in black soil, this paper proposed following feasible measures: improving farmers’ awareness, setting up large-scale demonstration bases of conservation tillage, enhancing government support, providing specialized funds for technology R&D and equipment of conservation tillage, and establishing a long-term mechanism for conservation tillage in black soil.

Key words: black soil, conservation tillage, straw returning, no-tillage sowing, Heilongjiang Province