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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (17): 1-9.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-1183

所属专题： 生物技术； 水稻

• 农学·农业基础科学 •    下一篇

黑龙江省水稻品种的遗传多样性

张佳琦1,2(), 郭宗珊2, 刘长华1,2(), 李荣田2()   

  1. 1黑龙江大学现代农业与生态环境学院,哈尔滨 150080
    2黑龙江大学生命科学学院,黑龙江省普通高等学校分子生物学重点实验室,哈尔滨 150080
  • 收稿日期:2021-12-09 修回日期:2022-03-28 出版日期:2022-06-15 发布日期:2022-07-08
  • 通讯作者: 刘长华,李荣田
  • 作者简介:张佳琦,男,2000年出生,山西人,本科,研究方向：种子科学与工程专业。通信地址：150080 哈尔滨市南岗区学府路74号 黑龙江大学现代农业与生态环境学院,E-mail： 1627568962@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    黑龙江省大学生创新创业训练计划项目“保护“耕地中的‘大熊猫’黑土地”——黑龙江省建三江地区绿色超级稻稻作体系土壤生物性状分析”(2021032);转基因生物新品种培育国家科技重大专项“粳稻种植区抗虫水稻新品种的培育”(2016ZX08001001-001-007)

Genetic Diversity of Rice Varieties in Heilongjiang Province

ZHANG Jiaqi1,2(), GUO Zongshan2, LIU Changhua1,2(), LI Rongtian2()   

  1. 1College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080
    2Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, College of Heilongjiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080
  • Received:2021-12-09 Revised:2022-03-28 Online:2022-06-15 Published:2022-07-08
  • Contact: LIU Changhua,LI Rongtian

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摘要：

为了研究黑龙江省当前水稻品种的遗传基础及其亲缘关系,利用农业行业标准《水稻品种鉴定技术规程SSR标记法(NY/T 1433—2014)》中公布的47对SSR标记,对来自黑龙江省不同积温区的231份水稻品种进行遗传多样性分析。结果显示：47对SSR标记在231份水稻中共检测到136个等位基因,每个位点等位基因变幅为2~5个,平均2.92个;基因多样性变幅为0.11~0.79,平均0.56;多态性信息量(PIC)变化范围为0.11~0.76,平均0.49;标记指数(MI)的变化范围在3.18~18.39,平均6.52。聚类分析将231份水稻分为3类7群,聚类结果与主成分分析结果一致。综上所述,黑龙江省水稻品种遗传多样性不够丰富（平均PIC值为0.49）,同一积温区品种间亲缘关系较近。育种中注意南北部品种的杂交,以便拓宽遗传背景,培育出绿色优质高产新品种。

关键词: 黑龙江省, 水稻品种, SSR标记, 遗传多样性, 聚类分析

Abstract:

In order to study the genetic basis and genetic relationship of current rice varieties in Heilongjiang Province, 47 pairs of SSR markers published in the agricultural industry standard Protocol for the Identification of Rice Varieties SSR Marker Method (NY/T 1433—2014) were used to analyze the genetic diversity among 231 rice varieties from different accumulated temperature regions in Heilongjiang Province. The results showed that a total of 136 alleles were detected form the 47 pairs of SSR markers, alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 5, the average was 2.92. Genetic diversity ranged from 0.11 to 0.79, with an average of 0.56. The polymorphic information content (PIC) was 0.11-0.76, with an average of 0.49. The value of marker index (MI) ranged from 3.18 to 18.39, with an average of 6.52. Cluster analysis divided the 231 rice varieties into 3 categories and 7 groups, and the clustering results were consistent with the results of principal component analysis. Taken together, the genetic diversity of rice varieties in Heilongjiang Province is not rich enough (the average polymorphic information content index is 0.49), and the genetic relationship among the varieties in the same accumulated temperature area is relatively close. In variety breeding, attention should be paid to the hybridization of northern and southern varieties, in order to broaden the genetic background and cultivate new environment-friendly varieties with high-quality and high-yield.

Key words: Heilongjiang Province, rice varieties, SSR markers, genetic diversity, cluster analysis

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