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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2011, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (15): 144-148.

所属专题： 现代农业发展与乡村振兴； 农业气象

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

山地农业的春季冻害和倒春寒防御

胡淳焓 茅君念 林巧燕   

  • 收稿日期:2011-01-05 修回日期:2011-02-24 出版日期:2011-06-25 发布日期:2011-06-25

The Mountainous Agricultural Defence Against Spring Frost Damage and Severe Coldness in the Late Spring

  • Received:2011-01-05 Revised:2011-02-24 Online:2011-06-25 Published:2011-06-25

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摘要：

利用气象中尺度自动站资料和灾情信息，将丽水市农业生产分为平原地区、低海拔山区、中高海拔山区3种类型，结合山地特点，对2010年两次倒春寒的天气特点进行对比分析。结果表明：（1）倒春寒对农业危害非常大，两次倒春寒的受灾机制和受灾强度不同，不同海拔地区的气象要素和受灾情况的差异性也很大，3月春季低温对平原地区的影响与4月倒春寒天气过程对中高海拔山区的影响基本相当，且明显弱于其低海拔、中高海拔地区的影响；（2）倒春寒天气发生前开展有针对性服务和预防准备以及开展规模化的大棚种植等措施，对提高山地农业倒春寒及春季低温冰冻天气的防御能力意义重大。

关键词: 气象因子, 气象因子

Abstract:

Based on auto weather station data and disaster data, we labored the weather features, the meteorological factors in different Hyperion height and the inducing factors for two severe coldness of 2010’s spring were analyzed. The agriculture layout in Lishui was divided into plain area, low elevation mountains area, middle and high elevation mountains area. The results showed that: (1) Severe coldness in spring was one of the most serious disasters of agriculture. the disaster’s level in different Hyperion height was very different. The damaging degree in plain area for Spring frost damage in March was equal with the damaging degree in middle-high elevation mountains area for Severe coldness in April, and weaker than in low elevation mountains area and in middle-high elevation mountains area. (2) The effective preparedness ahead of time and the scalization greenhouses were very important for defending the spring frost damage and severe coldness in the late spring in mountainous area.