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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2011, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (15): 137-143.

所属专题： 资源与环境； 水稻

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国稻草资源量估算及其开发利用

毕于运 王红彦 高春雨 王亚静   

  • 收稿日期:2010-12-28 修回日期:2011-03-01 出版日期:2011-06-25 发布日期:2011-06-25

Estimation and Utilization of Rice Straw Resources in China

  • Received:2010-12-28 Revised:2011-03-01 Online:2011-06-25 Published:2011-06-25

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摘要：

稻草是中国产量最高的农作物秸秆种类。对中国的水稻草谷比进行了细致的分类考证，并以此为据，结合水稻生产统计数据，对全国以及各省（市、自治区）的稻草产量进行全面系统的估算。结果表明，中国早稻草谷比为0.68，中晚稻草谷比为1.00；2009年全国稻草总产量为18443.04万t。文章最后提出了几种具有较高实用价值和开发应用前景的稻草利用方式，包括稻草快速腐熟还田、稻草覆盖免耕栽培马铃薯、微贮养畜和稻草种植食用菌等。稻草资源肥料化、饲料化新技术的推广和应用，不仅提高稻草的资源化利用水平、减少环境污染，并且开发稻草的经济利用价值，对提高农业综合生产能力，增加农民收入，加快建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会具有重要意义。

关键词: 三唑酮, 三唑酮, 加倍杀, 增效剂, 小麦, 传导

Abstract:

The output of rice straw is the largest among the crops in China. This paper estimated the outputs of rice straw in China as well as in each province by conducting particularly sorted researches on the ratios of straw to grain of rice, used the statistic of rice yield. The results showed that the ratios of straw to grain of early rice and middle-late rice were 0.68 and 1.00, separately, and the rice straw output of the whole China amounted to 184430400 tons in 2009. In the end, the ways of rice straw utilization were advised, including returning the straw with quick decomposition to fields, potato planting with straw mulching and no-tillage, livestock breeding with micro-storage rice straw, and edible fungi cultivating with rice straw.