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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (22): 97-103.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0186

所属专题： 园艺； 农业气象

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

茶树‘中黄3号’主要生化成分月变化与气象因子的关系

刘声传1(), 魏杰2, 杨雅奇3, 林开勤2, 陈智雄1, 徐霖1, 何国菊1, 鄢东海2()   

  1. 1贵阳学院生物与环境工程学院,贵阳 550005
    2贵州省农业科学院茶叶研究所,贵阳 550006
    3贵州省六枝特区牂牁镇农业综合服务中心,贵州六枝 553405
  • 收稿日期:2021-02-26 修回日期:2021-06-27 出版日期:2021-08-05 发布日期:2021-08-26
  • 通讯作者: 鄢东海
  • 作者简介:刘声传,男,1981年出生,贵州天柱人,副研究员,博士,主要从事茶树育种栽培研究。通信地址:550005 贵州省贵阳市南明区见龙洞路103号,E-mail: gtscliu@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目“转录因子和miRNAs协同调控白化茶树新品系‘千江月’茶氨酸合成的分子机制”(31760227);贵州省农业科技支撑计划项目“贵州适推白化茶树良种筛选及丰产栽培技术研究与示范”(黔科合支撑[2018]2254);贵州省教育厅青年科技人才成长项目“贵州黑茶茶褐素延缓衰老作用研究”(黔教合KY字[2019]097);贵阳学院校级团队项目“茶学教学团队”(筑院通字[2018]28教学团队03);贵阳学院博士科研启动基金项目“白化茶树资源的农艺性状、形态、生化与分子遗传多样性研究”(0203033003014)

Monthly Changes of Main Biochemical Components in Camellia sinensis ‘Zhonghuang 3’ and Their Relationship with Meteorological Factors

Liu Shengchuan1(), Wei Jie2, Yang Yaqi3, Lin Kaiqin2, Chen Zhixiong1, Xu Lin1, He Guoju1, Yan Donghai2()   

  1. 1School of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550005
    2Tea Research Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550006
    3Comprehensive Agricultural Service Center of Zangke Town, Liuzhi Special Zone, Liuzhi Guizhou 553405
  • Received:2021-02-26 Revised:2021-06-27 Online:2021-08-05 Published:2021-08-26
  • Contact: Yan Donghai

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摘要：

为探究白化茶树品种‘中黄3号’(‘ZH3’)主要生化成分月变化特征及其与主要气象因子的关系,以常绿品系‘苔茶15’(‘TC15’)为对照,检测2019年5个不同月份的主要生化成分含量,收集试验地采样前的半月均温(HMMTBS)、半月均降水量(HMMPBS)、半月均相对湿度(HMMRHBS),分析其主要生化成分变化与气象因子的相关性。结果表明,各月份2种茶树水浸出物和咖啡碱含量接近,咖啡碱含量在‘ZH3’中表现稳定,而在‘TC15’中存在显著差异。‘ZH3’、‘TC15’茶多酚含量分别为7月>10月>8月>5月>4月、7月>5月>10月>8月>4月。‘ZH3’、‘TC15’游离氨基酸含量分别为4月>5月>8月>10月>7月、4月>5月>8月>7月>10月。各月份‘ZH3’茶多酚含量低于‘TC15’,游离氨基酸含量高于‘TC15’;‘ZH3’游离氨基酸和茶多酚含量的变幅分别为2.6%~7.2%、9.2%~23.2%,远高于‘TC15’(2.2%~3.8%、14.7%~25.4%)。2种茶树的水浸出物和咖啡碱含量与3个气象因子无显著相关性。‘ZH3’游离氨基酸含量与HMMTBS、HMMPBS、HMMRHBS的相关系数r分别为-0.71(P<0.01)、-0.69(P<0.01)、-0.86(P<0.01),而‘TC15’游离氨基酸含量仅与HMMRHBS显著负相关(r=-0.74,P<0.01)。典型相关分析显示,3个气象因子对2种茶树的水浸出物和咖啡碱含量、‘TC15’茶多酚含量影响较小;‘ZH3’、‘TC15’酚氨比分别主要受HMMRHBS、HMMPBS,‘ZH3’游离氨基酸和茶多酚含量主要受HMMTBS、HMMPBS影响,HMMTBS影响程度更大,‘TC15’游离氨基酸含量受影响结果与‘ZH3’类似。

关键词: ‘中黄3号’, 生化成分, 气象因子, 相关性, 典型相关分析

Abstract:

The aim of this study is to explore the change characteristics of the main biochemical components of albino tea plant (Camellia sinensis ‘Zhonghuang 3’) (‘ZH3’) in different months and their relationship with the main meteorological factors. The evergreen strain ‘Taicha 15’ (‘TC15’) was used as a control. We determined and analyzed the content of the main biochemical components in the two germplasms sampled in five different months of 2019. The data of the half-month mean temperature before sampling (HMMTBS), half-monthly mean precipitation before sampling (HMMPBS) and half-monthly mean relative humidity before sampling (HMMRHBS) were collected from the tested areas. The changes of the main biochemical components in the two germplasms and their correlation with three meteorological factors were observed. Water extracts and caffeine contents of the two germplasms were close in each month. The caffeine content was stable in ‘ZH3’, while had a significant difference in ‘TC15’. The tea polyphenols content in ‘ZH3’ and ‘TC15’ was July> October> August> May> April and July> May> October> August> April, respectively. The free amino acids content of ‘ZH3’ and ‘TC15’ was April> May> August> October> July and April> May> August> July> October, respectively. Tea polyphenols content of ‘ZH3’ was lower than that of ‘TC15’, while the free amino acids content of ‘ZH3’ was higher than that of ‘TC15’ in each month. The range of free amino acids and tea polyphenols contents in ‘ZH3’ was 2.6%-7.2% and 9.2%-23.2%, respectively, which was much higher than those of ‘TC15’ (2.2%-3.8%, 14.7%-25.4%). The water extracts and caffeine content of the two germplasms had no significant correlations with three meteorological factors. The correlation coefficient r of free amino acids content in ‘ZH3’ with HMMTBS, HMMPBS, HMMRHBS was -0.71(P<0.01), -0.69(P<0.01), -0.86(P<0.01), respectively, while that in ‘TC15’ was only significantly and negatively correlated with HMMRHBS (r=-0.74, P<0.01). By means of canonical correlation analysis, the three meteorological factors had less impact on water extracts and caffeine content in the two germplasms, and had little influence on the tea polyphenols content in ‘TC15’. The tea polyphenols to free amino acids in ‘ZH3’ and ‘TC15’ was mostly affected by HMMRHBS and HMMPBS, respectively. The free amino acids and tea polyphenols content in ‘ZH3’ was mainly affected by HMMTBS and HMMPBS, while the influencing degree of HMMTBS was greater. Similar results were observed for free amino acids content in ‘TC15’.

Key words: Camellia sinensis ‘Zhonghuang 3’, biochemical component, meteorological factor, correlation, canonical correlation analysis

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