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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2011, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (8): 108-113.

• 林学 园艺 园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

彩色马蹄莲2n配子育种技术初探

李洁筠 吴红芝 陈溪 周涤   

  • 收稿日期:2011-01-26 修回日期:2011-02-17 出版日期:2011-04-20 发布日期:2011-04-20
  • 基金资助:

    2n配子对马蹄莲种质创新和PGI障碍克服的研究

Primary Studies on Breeding Techniques by 2n Gametes in colored Zantedeschia hybrid

  • Received:2011-01-26 Revised:2011-02-17 Online:2011-04-20 Published:2011-04-20

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摘要：

以彩色马蹄莲的栽培品种‘黒魔术’Black magic、‘火烈鸟’Flamingo为实验材料，研究彩色马蹄莲2n配子育种技术。选择刚从茎秆中抽出的幼小健壮小花，用0.15%的秋水仙素处理以诱导2n配子，将诱导的2n配子进行不同组合的杂交实验。结果表明：秋水仙素处理对彩色马蹄莲雄雌蕊发育有一定毒副作用，其中对雌蕊的损伤大于雄蕊；2n配子能在一定程度上克服杂交后代不育性；在相同条件下，经2n配子诱导处理的杂交种子与未处理的对照种子相比，种子萌发时间大幅度缩短（50天左右），叶片变薄、变大、叶色变浅，有些杂交植株表现出不同程度的畸变。通过对杂交后代的细胞学鉴定表明：处理配子杂交后代中获得染色体数目为48（2n=3x=48）的三倍体植株。

关键词: 芝麻, 芝麻, DNA高效提取, 聚丙烯酰胺凝胶, 快速银染

Abstract:

The cultivars of colored Zantedeschia hybrid: Black magic and Flamingo are used as experimental material. The young robust buds were selected to be treated with 0.15% colchicine to induce 2n gametes. The treated young flower buds between the two cultivars were crossed when pistil and stamena matured. The results showed that: colchicine had some poison impact on the development of the pistil and androecium, especially on that of pistil; 2n gametes can overcome sterility of hybrids to a certain extent. Under the same conditions, the seed germination of hybrids derived from treated gametes was sped up greatly (about 50d in advance) compared with that of control seed; the leaves were larger, thinner, and light color, and some plants performed malformation. The chromosome identification showed: triploids were achieved from the crossing of treated gametes with normal gametes and the chromosome number was 32 (2n=3x=48).