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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2011, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (18): 180-184.

所属专题： 小麦

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

水分运筹对豫北冬小麦生育后期光合特性及产量的影响

蒿宝珍 姜丽娜 张菡 张凯 李彩云 王志敏   

  • 收稿日期:2011-03-04 修回日期:2011-04-26 出版日期:2011-07-25 发布日期:2011-07-25
  • 基金资助:

    国家小麦产业技术体系“北方小麦水肥高效利用综合技术研究与示范”(nycytx-03);河南师范大学大学生创新性实验计划项目(101047619)

Irrigation Management Effects on Photosynthetic Characteristics of Flag Leaf and Grain Yield of Winter Wheat in Northern Henan Province

  • Received:2011-03-04 Revised:2011-04-26 Online:2011-07-25 Published:2011-07-25

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摘要：

为探讨豫北地区冬小麦合理的水分运筹模式，以‘周麦18’为供试材料，设置了全生育期不浇水（CK）、越冬水（W1）、越冬水＋拔节水（W2）和拔节水（W3）4种水分运筹方式，研究了水分运筹对冬小麦生育后期旗叶光合特性及籽粒产量的影响。结果表明，W3处理下，小麦生育后期，旗叶气孔导度和光合速率较高，蒸腾作用和胞间CO2浓度较低。从产量因素来看，W3处理下的有效穗数及穗粒数均较高，最终产量（10183.4 kg/hm2）显著高于其它处理。因此，在豫北地区，足墒播种的基础上，小麦生育期灌拔节水有利于提高籽粒的产量和水分利用效率。

关键词: 生理功能, 生理功能

Abstract:

With ‘Zhoumai 18’ as field experimental material, effects of irrigation management on photosynthetic characteristics of flag leaf and grain yield of winter wheat during late growth stage in northern Henan Province were studied. Before seeding, there were good conditions for soil moisture. So, in this experiment, 4 irrigation managements were set in Xun County institute of agricultural sciences during 2008-2009. Those managements were CK (no irrigation during the all stage), W1 (irrigated at over-wintering stage only), W2 (irrigated at over-wintering stage and jointing stage) and W3 (irrigated at jointing stage only). The results showed that under W3 treatment, the stomatal conductance (Gs) and photosynthetic rate (Pn) of flag leaf tended to be higher while transpiration rate (Tr) and intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) tended to be lower. From the yield components, the spike number and grain number per ear showed higher under W3, therefore, the grain yield reached 10183.4 kg/hm2, and the difference between W3 and other 3 treatments was significant (P<0.05). From the above, on the base of enough soil moisture before sowing, irrigation at jointing stage was benefit to grain yield and water use efficiency in northern Henan Province.