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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2012, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (9): 133-137.

所属专题： 马铃薯

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

冬种马铃薯新品种‘闽薯1号’高产栽培试验

梁金平 汤浩 张志勇 张川 吴文明 罗文彬   

  • 收稿日期:2011-10-09 修回日期:2011-12-30 出版日期:2012-03-25 发布日期:2012-03-25
  • 基金资助:

    现代农业产业技术体系专项;福建省科技重大专项专题粮食作物育种技术研究

Experiment on High Yield Planting of New Winter Potato Variety ‘Minshu1’

  • Received:2011-10-09 Revised:2011-12-30 Online:2012-03-25 Published:2012-03-25

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摘要：

以 ‘闽薯1号’为试验材料，采用裂区设计，探讨不同品种和栽培方式对冬种马铃薯产量的影响。结果表明：（1）6种不同处理间商品薯产量差异均达极显著水平。其中，以‘闽薯1号’稻草包芯+地膜覆盖栽培的鲜薯产量为39.39 t/hm2，增产44.23%，大中薯率高达95.2%，生育期缩短5天，每公顷可增加纯收入1.66万元，增产增效最为显著。其次是‘闽薯1号’地膜覆盖栽培，‘紫花851’常规栽培处理最低。（2）同一品种不同栽培方式的产量、大中薯率和商品率表现依次为稻草包芯+地膜覆盖>地膜覆盖>常规栽培。（3）同一栽培方式不同品种的产量差异显著，表现依次为‘闽薯1号’>‘紫花851’。稻草包芯+地膜覆盖栽培具有增产增效显著、增温保墒、保水防旱、抑制杂草、减轻病虫害和防霜冻害等优点。马铃薯新品种‘闽薯1号’采用稻草包芯+地膜覆盖配套栽培技术，具有良好的推广应用前景。

关键词: 三峡库区, 三峡库区

Abstract:

In this paper, the potato ‘Minshu1’ was used as material, and the method of a split plot design was applied to study the effects of varieties and cultivation methods on the yield of the winter potatoes. The results showed that: (1) the marketable tuber yields had a significant difference among 6 different treatments. The most tuber yield was the dry straw in row and plastic film mulching treatment of the potato ‘Minshu1’, its yield was 39.39 t/hm2. Its yield increase over control was 44.23%. Its large and medium tuber percentage was 95.2%. The whole growth stage decreased 5 days. Every hectare could increase net income 16600 yuan, increasing efficiency was the most significant. The second tuber yield was the plastic film mulching treatment of the potato ‘Minshu1’. The lowest tuber yield was the general treatment of the potato ‘Zihua851’. (2) The effects of the same variety with different cultivation patterns on the yield, large and medium tuber percentage and commodity in order were the dry straw in row and plastic film mulching＞plastic film mulching＞conventional cultivation. (3) The yield of different varieties with same cultivation patterns had significant difference. ‘Minshu1’ was better than ‘Zihua851’. The tillage with dry straw in row and plastic film mulching had significantly increase efficiency, raising temperature, water conservation, inhibition, reduce drought weeds plant diseases and insect pests and resist frost harm, etc. The tillage with dry straw in row and plastic film mulching by the potato ‘Minshu1’ using had a good application prospect.