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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2012, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (9): 138-144.

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

除草剂对苎麻生长及经济性状的影响

李巍 杜晓华 尚辉 邢虎成 崔国贤 杨瑞芳   

  • 收稿日期:2011-09-28 修回日期:2011-12-21 出版日期:2012-03-25 发布日期:2012-03-25
  • 基金资助:

    国家麻类产业技术体系麻类作物营养与施肥研究岗位

Effect of Herbicides on Growth and Economic Traits of Ramie

  • Received:2011-09-28 Revised:2011-12-21 Online:2012-03-25 Published:2012-03-25

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摘要：

为筛选出合适的，苎麻封行后施用的除草剂及预防除草剂致使苎麻败蔸提供参考，研究了盆栽条件下，乙草胺、草甘膦、精喹禾灵、苄嘧黄隆、百草枯、2,4-D钠盐等6种除草剂三麻分行前期对‘多倍体1号’、‘中苎1号’和‘湘苎3号’生长及产量和纤维品质的影响。结果表明：在常用浓度下，不同的除草剂对苎麻的影响不同，而且同一种除草剂对不同品种苎麻的影响也不同，除草剂对苎麻农艺性状和品质性状的影响存在基因型差异。乙草胺和草甘膦对‘多倍体1号’、‘中苎1号’和‘湘苎3号’苎麻相对安全；精喹禾灵、苄嘧磺隆、百草枯、2,4-D钠盐都不同程度的抑制了3种苎麻的生长，降低了苎麻产量和品质。而且‘中苎1号’对苄嘧黄隆较敏感，‘湘苎3号’对百草枯非常敏感，‘多倍体1号’对6种除草剂都有较大抗性。在不喷施于苎麻植株体表面的前提下，6种除草剂对苎麻的叶绿素SPAD值影响不大，但都会使苎麻的叶面积减小。

关键词: 生殖, 生殖

Abstract:

In order to provide a reference for selecting of the right herbicide, the 6 herbicides (acetochlor, glyphosate, quizalofop-p-ethy, bensulfuron methyl, paraquat, 2,4-dichlorophenoxy) was used to investigate their effects on growth and economic trait of three ramie varieties (‘duobeiti 1’, ‘zhongzhu 1’ and ‘xiangzhu 3’). The results showed that when spraying common concentrations of 6 herbicides in ramie, there were different effects on growth and economic traits of different ramie varieties. And the same herbicide was different as well. There was genotypic difference to herbicides. It was relatively safe to spray acetochlor and glyphosate in ‘duobeiti 1’, ‘zhongzhu 1’ and ‘xiangzhu 3’. The growth of three ramie varieties was inhibited in different degree by quizalofop-p-ethy, bensulfuron methyl, paraquat and 2,4-dichlorophenoxy. It could reduce the ramie yield and quality. ‘zhongzhu 1’ was sensitive to bensulfuron methyl, ‘xiangzhu 3’ was sensitive to paraquat. There was greater resistance to 6 herbicides in ‘duobeiti 1’. In premise of not spray on plants, 6 herbicides had little influence on the SPAD values, but reduced the leaf area of the ramie.