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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2012, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (19): 279-285.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2012-0391

所属专题： 园艺

• 林学 园艺 园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

‘沙糖桔’结果树的营养需求特点研究

李淑仪 黄宁生 廖新荣 王荣萍 丁效东   

  • 收稿日期:2012-02-13 修回日期:2012-04-09 出版日期:2012-07-05 发布日期:2012-07-05
  • 基金资助:

    广东省中国科学院战略合作项目;广东省科技计划项目

Nutrition characteristic of fruit-bearing tree of Citrus microcarpa

  • Received:2012-02-13 Revised:2012-04-09 Online:2012-07-05 Published:2012-07-05

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摘要：

选择具有代表性的水田和山坡2个类型土壤种植的已结果的‘沙糖桔’果园，采集叶片、树体和果实样品，测定其不同生育期的元素含量，分析2种种植类型的‘沙糖桔’营养元素含量季节性动态变化和各元素需求比例，提出适合当地‘沙糖桔’生长所需的营养元素施肥配方。结果表明：（1）P在开花期需求最高，K在开花期至幼果期需求最高；Ca和Cu在开花期最低，之后逐渐升高，成熟期达到最高；而Mg、Zn、Fe、Mn、B需求量均为开花期稍低，但是各生育期需求较为稳定。（2）水田种植的沙糖桔树体中大量元素N、P、K和中量元素Ca、Mg含量普遍高于山坡种植的；前者微量元素Cu、Zn、B含量低于后者，而微量元素Fe、Mn含量有相反的趋势。（3）根据多个果园的数据分析，生产1 t的‘沙糖桔’果，需N 1.242 kg、P 0.138 kg、K 1.366 kg、Ca 0.476 kg、Mg 0.126 kg、Fe 0.72 g、Mn 0.97 g、Cu 2.47 g、Zn 1.58 g、B 1.34 g；根据肥料利用率和柑桔类果树的氮磷钾施肥比例，推算生产1 t‘沙糖桔’时全年应施N 12.95~15.11 kg，P2O5 7.77~9.1 kg，K2O 12.95~15.11 kg。

关键词: 固相微萃取, 固相微萃取

Abstract:

To study nutrition characteristic and directions of fruit-bearing tree of Citrus microcarpa in Yunan, Guangdong. The two types of the citrus orchard grew on paddy fields and hillside soil were selected to determine the element content of leaves, trunk and fruit samples collected in the different growth stages, to analyze the seasonal dynamics and the proportion of each element demand, to put forward the suitable nutrient directions for the growth of Citrus. The results showed that: (1) the highest demand for P for all growth stages was in the flowering stage; K demand was the highest between in the flowering stage and in the young fruit stage; Ca and Cu demand was the lowest in flowering period, increased gradually after the flowering period, and, the highest in the maturity period; Mg, Zn, Fe, Mn, B demand were slightly lower in flowering period compared with the other growth stages, but was relatively stable demand for all growth stages. (2) The content of N, P, K, and of Ca, Mg element in the trunk of Citrus. In the paddy soil was generally higher than those in the hillside soil; the content of Cu, Zn, B in the former was less than those in the latter, while the Fe, Mn content was the opposite trend. (3) According to the data analysis of multiple orchards, 1 ton of ‘Shatangju’ fruit produced need to N 1.242 kg, P 0.138 kg, K 1.366 kg, Ca 0.476 kg, Mg 0.126 kg, Fe 0.72 g, Mn 0.97 g, Cu 2.47 g, Zn 1.58 g, B 1.34 g; According to fertilizer utilization and the proportion of NPK fertilizer, N 12.95-15.11 kg, P2O5 7.77-9.1 kg, K2O 12.95-15.11 kg should be applied throughout the year if the yield of 1 ton of citrus was obtained.