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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2012, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (32): 215-221.

所属专题： 现代农业发展与乡村振兴； 农业生态

• 资源 环境 生态 土壤 气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于能值分析的贵州生态经济系统可持续发展研究

罗昆燕 程鹏 池家西 杨炀   

  • 收稿日期:2012-05-04 修回日期:2012-06-14 出版日期:2012-11-15 发布日期:2012-11-15
  • 基金资助:

    “贵州省教育厅高等学校人文社会科学”项目

Study on Sustainable Development of Ecological-economic Systems of Guizhou Province Based on Emergy Analysis

  • Received:2012-05-04 Revised:2012-06-14 Online:2012-11-15 Published:2012-11-15

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摘要：

为了定量分析贵州生态经济系统的能值结构、功能特点、生态经济效益及其可持续发展能力，运用能值理论与方法分析了2001—2010年贵州生态经济系统的能值情况，并对能值自给率、进出口能值比、人均使用能值、能值密度、环境负荷率，基于能值分析的可持续发展指数等指标进行研究。结果表明：（1）贵州生态经济系统能值不断增加，年均增长率为11.34%，但有1/2以上来自不可更新资源及产品增加的能值，表明贵州社会经济系统财富的增加，是建立在本地储存资源的开发和利用基础之上。（2）系统所需能值99%来自系统内部，系统GDP逐年增加，人均使用能值也以年均11.14%的速度上升，但表征环境压力的环境负荷率却以31.70%的速度逐年递增，表明经济财富的增长是以对环境更大速度的毁坏为代价，在这种发展模式下，贵州省可持续发展指数逐年下降。（3）农业子系统能值产出介于4.82×1022~5.96×1022 sej之间，年均增长率为1.88%；投入的能值介于2.79×1023~3.14×1023 sej之间，年均增长率为-1.27%，表明农业子系统生产效率不断提高。（4）农业子系统能值在系统中所占比重以8.43%的速率逐年下降，使贵州省的产业结构由原来的“321”型变成了现在的“231”型，产业结构更加优化。贵州农业子系统的能值投入绝大部分是农业从业人员的劳务输入，机械、化肥等能值的投入很少，表明贵州农业的现代化水平还很低。

关键词: 上海, 上海

Abstract:

In order to quantitatively analyze the emergy structure, features, and benefits of sustainable development capacity of ecological-economic system in Guizhou, the author analyzed the ecological-economic development of Guizhou Province between 2001-2010 by the emergy theory, and studied many indicators, such as fraction of emergy used derived from home sources, ratio of exported to imported emergy, emergy use per person, empower density, environmental loading ratio, and emergy-based for sustainable index and so on. The results showed that: (1) total emergy use (U) for Guizhou during 2001-2010 was increasing with average annual growth rate 11.34%, while more than half of emergy came from non-renewable resources and products, which indicated the increase of social and economic wealth was based on the development and utilization of local storage resources. (2) 99% emergy needed came from within the system, the system GDP increased year by year, per capita emergy used increased by an average annual growth rate of 11.14%, but environmental loading ratio increased at speed of 31.70% every year, which indicated that the growth of economic wealth was based on a greater speed of environmental destruction, and the sustainable index has been declined in this mode of development. (3) In fact, emergy output of agricultural subsystem was at the range of 4.82×1022-5.96×1022 sej, and its average annual growth rate was 1.88%. Meanwile, emergy inputting was at the range of 2.79×1023-3.14 ×1023 sej, and its average annual growth rate was -1.27%, which showed that the production efficiency of the subsystem agricultural continuously improved. (4) The proportion of agricultural subsystem was declining in the rate of 8.43%, which made the province’s industrial structure more optimized though changing its industrial structure from the ‘321’ into a ‘231’ type. Most of emergy inputting to agricultural subsystem was used for the agricultural import of labour, while, only little used for machinery, fertilizers, which indicated the level of modernization of agriculture in Guizhou was still very low.