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中国农学通报 ›› 2012, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (31): 46-50.

• 林学 园艺 园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同林龄杂交楝(Azadirachta indica×Melia azedarach)人工林土壤水土保持功能研究

成向荣 虞木奎 周卫兵 何祯祥   

  • 收稿日期:2012-06-17 修回日期:2012-07-16 出版日期:2012-11-05 发布日期:2012-11-05

Soil and Water Conservation Functions of Azadirachta indica×Melia azedarach Plantation at Different Ages

  • Received:2012-06-17 Revised:2012-07-16 Online:2012-11-05 Published:2012-11-05

摘要:

为了明确林龄对杂交楝(印楝×苦楝)人工林土壤水土保持功能的影响,通过测定土壤持水能力、渗透能力和抗蚀能力来综合评价不同林龄杂交楝人工林保持水土功能。结果表明,随着杂交楝林龄增加,林地土壤孔隙结构得到改善、持水性能增加、渗透能力增大,提高了土壤水稳性指数,增加了土壤抗蚀性,土壤水土保持功能得到增强。3年生杂交楝林分的土壤持水性能、渗透能力和抗蚀性与1年生林分之间无显著差异,5年生杂交楝林地各指标均比1年生和3年生林分有显著提高。5年生杂交楝林地的土壤最大持水量、总孔隙度、非毛管孔隙度、平均渗透速率和水稳性指数分别比1年生林地增加18.6%、11.4%、19.8%、45%、30.1%。因此,种植杂交楝可以在短期内提高林分的土壤水土保持功能,在山地丘陵地区值得大力发展杂交楝。

关键词: 再生体系, 再生体系

Abstract:

In order to evaluate the effect of forest age of Azadirachta indica×Melia azedarach (hybrid neem tree) plantation on soil and water conservation function, soil water-holding capacity, infiltration capacity and erosion resistance of hybrid neem plantation in different ages were studied. The results showed that soil pore structure, soil water-holding capacity, infiltration capacity, and soil erosion resistance increased with the increase of hybrid neem stand age, soil and water conservation function was further enhanced. Soil water-holding capacity, infiltration capacity, and soil erosion resistance were not significant difference between 3-year-old and 1-year-old hybrid neem stands, however, these variables of the 5-year-old hybrid neem stand were significantly higher than that of 1-year-old and 3-year-old stands. Compared to 1-year-old stand, maximal soil water-holding capacity, total porosity, non-capillary porosity, the average infiltration rate and water stability index of the 5-year-old hybrid neem stand increased by 18.6%, 11.4%, 19.8%, 45% and 30.1%, respectively. Hence, the cultivation of hybrid neem could improve the function of soil and water conservation in the short term, and it was suitable to plant in the hilly region.