秸秆生物炭对黄土区农田土壤养分和作物生长的影响

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16090012

中国农学通报 ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (33): 92-99.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16090012

• 资源环境生态土壤气象 • 上一篇下一篇

秸秆生物炭对黄土区农田土壤养分和作物生长的影响

卢晋晶,郜春花,李建华,靳东升,卢朝东,董云中

山西省农业科学院农业环境与资源研究所,山西省农业科学院农业环境与资源研究所,山西省农业科学院农业环境与资源研究所,山西省农业科学院农业环境与资源研究所,山西省农业科学院农业环境与资源研究所,山西省农业科学院农业环境与资源研究所

收稿日期:2016-09-02 修回日期:2016-11-16 接受日期:2016-11-25 出版日期:2017-11-27 发布日期:2017-11-27
通讯作者: 郜春花
基金资助:
山西省国际合作项目“工矿废弃地重金属污染土壤生物修复技术”(201603D421044)；山西省科技重大专项“工矿废弃地土地复垦与生态重建技术研究与集成示范”(20121101009)；山西省农科院农业科技创新研究课题“施肥对复垦土壤有机碳组分及微生物多样性的影响”(ZDSYS1510)；山西省青年基金“施肥对矿区复垦土壤碳组分的影响机理研究”(2015021158)。

Effect of Biochar on Soil Nutrients and Corn Growth in Farmland of Loess Area

Received:2016-09-02 Revised:2016-11-16 Accepted:2016-11-25 Online:2017-11-27 Published:2017-11-27

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 旨在探索生物炭对黄土区农田的具体应用效果。采用大田试验，在不施氮肥和施氮肥(187.5 kg/hm2)处理下，分别设计了不同生物炭用量(0、6、12、24、48 t/hm2)试验，来观察对黄土高原农田土壤养分和玉米生长的影响。结果发现：当施入187.5 kg/hm2氮肥时，24~48 t/hm2范围内的生物炭施用量对土壤养分促进作用效果最佳，其中48 t/hm2时全氮超出对照26.6%，碱解氮可超过对照约27.67%；6~12 t/hm2的范围时，玉米茎粗、叶绿素在生长中期均相对处于优势，且玉米养分含量和产量结果优于生物炭量大的处理。不施氮的情况下，生物炭也可促进土壤和玉米籽粒养分的积累。其中6~12 t/hm2时，土壤和玉米籽粒养分含量相对较高；24~48 t/hm2时玉米产量结果最佳，比对照高1468.2 kg/hm2，约13.39%。结果表明，生物炭的添加对土壤的养分影响较大，且一定程度上依赖于氮肥的投入情况。

关键词: ‘蜜脆’, ‘蜜脆’, ‘红盖露’, ‘华硕’, 果实品质, 营养成分, 伊犁河谷

Abstract: The aim is to explore the application effect of biochar additions on farmland in loess area. In a field experiment, different biochar levels of 0, 6, 12, 24, 48 t/hm2 and two nitrogen levels of 0 and 187.5 kg/hm2 were set up. The effect on soil nutrients and corn growth in farmland of loess area was studied. The results revealed that the application of biochar of 24-48 t/hm2 mixed with 187.5 kg/hm2 N had the best promoting effect on soil nutrients. The total nitrogen and available nitrogen accumulations exceeded those of control by approximately 26.6% and 27.67% respectively at 48 t/hm2 biochar level. At 6-12 t/hm2 biochar level, stem diameter and chlorophyll had relative advantage at the middle growth stage. In addition, the nutrient content and yield were higher compared with those under high biochar levels. Under no nitrogen application, biochar could contribute to nutrients accumulation in soil and corn grain. Soil nutrients and corn grain were relatively higher at 6-12 t/hm2; the yield was the highest at level 24-48 t/hm2, increased by 1468.2 kg/hm2, about 13.39% compared with that of control. These results suggested that biochar had positive roles in promoting soil nutrients accumulations, and depended on nitrogen fertilizer in some degree.

中图分类号:

卢晋晶,郜春花,李建华,靳东升,卢朝东,董云中. 秸秆生物炭对黄土区农田土壤养分和作物生长的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2017, 33(33): 92-99.

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秸秆生物炭对黄土区农田土壤养分和作物生长的影响

Effect of Biochar on Soil Nutrients and Corn Growth in Farmland of Loess Area

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