3种不同广西家蚕品种幼虫培养蚕虫草的对比分析

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb19020023

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

研究3种不同广西家蚕品种幼虫培养蚕虫草的对比分析,旨在筛选出适合生产优质高产蚕虫草的家蚕品种,为广西蚕桑产业资源综合利用提供参考依据。从3种不同的北虫草菌种中筛选出最适合的菌种,并将其接种至3种广西家蚕品种的幼虫培养蚕虫草,通过调查蚕虫草的形态、性状以及检测生物活性成分含量,来对比出适合作为蚕虫草培养生物材料的家蚕品种。结果表明：菌种A的家蚕蚕体和菌丝生长情况最优,可作为最佳接种的菌种;3种不同品种的家蚕培养的蚕虫草的形态与性状以‘两广二号（正交）’品种的各项指标均为最高,蚕虫草总质量为1.361 g、僵蚕体质量为1.028 g、子实体总数量为10.489根和子实体长度为9.411 cm;蚕虫草的虫草素和虫草腺苷的含量也以‘两广二号（正交）’品种为最高,分别为4.84 mg/g和1.79 mg/g;3种蚕虫草蚕底座的虫草含量比子实体的虫草素含量要高,其中‘两广二号（正交）’的蚕底座和子实体虫草素含量最高,分别为7.93 mg/g和4.79 mg/g;3种蚕虫草子实体的虫草腺苷含量要高于蚕底座的虫草腺苷含量,其中‘两广二号（正交）’的蚕底座和子实体的虫草腺苷含量最高,分别为3.51 mg/g和6.39 mg/g。研究结果表明,广西家蚕品种‘两广二号（正交）’所培养出的蚕虫草的指标和质量较优,可将‘两广二号（正交）’作为培养蚕虫草的优势资源。

关键词: 广西家蚕品种, 蚕虫草, 虫草素, 虫草腺苷, 对比分析

Abstract:

The aim is to screen out the silkworm varieties suitable for producing high-quality and high-yield silkworm-hosted Cordyceps militaris, and to provide references for the comprehensive utilization of sericulture industry resources in Guangxi. The most suitable strain was screened out from three different strains of Cordyceps militaris, and inoculated into the larvae of three Guangxi silkworm varieties to cultivate silkworm-hosted Cordyceps militaris. Through investigating the morphology and characteristics of silkworm-hosted Cordyceps militaris and detecting the contents of biological active components, the most suitable silkworm variety for the culture of Cordyceps militaris was selected. The results showed that the silkworm body and the growth of mycelium of strain A were the best and could be used as the best inoculated strain. ‘Liangguang 2 (orthogonal)’ variety had the best morphology and characteristics of silkworm-hosted Cordyceps militaris in three silkworm varieties. The total mass of silkworm-hosted Cordyceps militaris was 1.361 g, the mass of batrytictic silkworm body was 1.028 g, the total number of sporophores was 10.489 and the length of sporophores was 9.411 cm. ‘Liangguang 2 (orthogonal)’ variety also had the highest content of cordycepin and adenosine in silkworm-hosted Cordyceps militaris, which was 4.84 mg/g and 1.79 mg/g, respectively. The contents of cordycepin in the three species of silkworm-hosted Cordyceps militaris pedestal were all higher than that in the sporophore. ‘Liangguang 2 (orthogonal)’ had the highest content of cordycepin in the silkworm-hosted Cordyceps militaris pedestal and sporophore, which was 7.93 mg/g and 4.79 mg/g, respectively. The contents of sporophore in the three species of silkworm-hosted Cordyceps militaris sporophore were all higher than that in the pedestal. ‘Liangguang 2 (orthogonal)’ had the highest content of cordyceps adenosine in the silkworm-hosted Cordyceps militaris pedestal and sporophore, which was 3.51 mg/g and 6.39 mg/g, respectively. The results showed that the Guangxi silkworm variety ‘Liangguang 2 (orthogonal)’ had better silkworm-hosted Cordyceps militaris index and quality, and could be used as the superior resource.

Key words: Guangxi silkworm varieties, silkworm-hosted Cordyceps militaris, cordycepin, cordyceps adenosine, comparative analysis

中图分类号:

S886.9

吴婧婧, 周晓玲, 董桂清, 陆春霞, 梁贵秋, 陈枝, 陆飞, 毛洪斌, 石韡韬. 3种不同广西家蚕品种幼虫培养蚕虫草的对比分析[J]. 中国农学通报, 2020, 36(8): 105-110.

Wu Jingjing, Zhou Xiaoling, Dong Guiqing, Lu Chunxia, Liang Guiqiu, Chen Zhi, Lu Fei, Mao Hongbin, Shi Weitao. Silkworm-hosted Cordyceps militaris Cultivation in Larvae of Three Guangxi Silkworm Varieties: A Comparative Analysis[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2020, 36(8): 105-110.

图/表 8

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菌种编号	蚕体僵化率/%	蚕体转色	菌丝长势	出草率/%
A	90.51±2.34^a	好	++++	94.59±3.20^a
B	74.80±1.24^c	好	+++	82.03±0.41^b
C	83.87±1.55^b	好	++++	89.13±1.58^a

菌种编号	蚕体僵化率/%	蚕体转色	菌丝长势	出草率/%
A	90.51±2.34^a	好	++++	94.59±3.20^a
B	74.80±1.24^c	好	+++	82.03±0.41^b
C	83.87±1.55^b	好	++++	89.13±1.58^a

	差异源	平方和	自由度	均方	F	P值
蚕体僵化率	组间	249.071	2	124.535	39.714	0.007
	组内	9.407	3	3.136
	总数	258.478	5
出草率	组间	158.781	2	79.391	18.482	0.021
	组内	12.886	3	4.295
	总数	171.668	5

	差异源	平方和	自由度	均方	F	P值
蚕体僵化率	组间	249.071	2	124.535	39.714	0.007
	组内	9.407	3	3.136
	总数	258.478	5
出草率	组间	158.781	2	79.391	18.482	0.021
	组内	12.886	3	4.295
	总数	171.668	5

家蚕品种编号	蚕虫草总质量/g	僵蚕体质量/g	子实体总数量/根	子实体长度/cm
两广二号（正交）	1.316±0.017^a	1.028±0.030^a	10.489±0.844^a	9.411±0.812^a
两广二号（反交）	1.163±0.047^ab	0.978±0.022^a	7.571±0.302^b	7.718±0.047^b
桂蚕N2（正交）	1.039±0.071^b	0.866±0.042^b	5.373±0.492^c	7.039±0.166^b