高效降解细菌对氟磺胺草醚污染土壤修复效果探究

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20191200992

中国农学通报 ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (15): 68-73.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20191200992

所属专题：土壤重金属污染

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇下一篇

高效降解细菌对氟磺胺草醚污染土壤修复效果探究

杨峰山¹^,²^,³, 王颜波¹^,²^,³, 孙丛¹^,²^,³, 何婧¹^,²^,³, 王思杰¹^,²^,³, 马玉堃¹^,²^,³, 付海燕¹^,²^,³, 刘春光¹^,²^,³()

¹ 黑龙江大学农业微生物技术教育部工程研究中心,哈尔滨 150500
² 黑龙江大学生命科学学院,黑龙江省寒地生态修复与资源利用重点实验室,哈尔滨 150080
³ 黑龙江大学生命科学学院,黑龙江省普通高校分子生物学重点实验室,哈尔滨 150080

收稿日期:2019-12-24 修回日期:2020-02-07 出版日期:2020-05-25 发布日期:2020-05-21
通讯作者: 刘春光
作者简介:杨峰山,男,1973年出生,山东文登人,教授,博士,主要从事作物害虫防治和农田土壤修复研究。通信地址：150080 黑龙江省哈尔滨市学府路74号黑龙江大学生命科学学院,Tel：0451-86608586,E-mail：yangfengshan@hlju.edu.cn。
基金资助:
黑龙江省自然科学基金“寒地黑土微生物响应阿特拉津残留群落结构与多样性变化研究”(面上项目：C2018051);黑龙江省普通本科高等学校青年创新人才培养计划“阿特拉津降解复合菌肥研发与农田土壤微生物修复”(UNPYSCT-2017119)

Highly Efficient Degradation Bacteria: Remediation Effect on Soil Polluted by Fomesafen

Yang Fengshan¹^,²^,³, Wang Yanbo¹^,²^,³, Sun Cong¹^,²^,³, He Jing¹^,²^,³, Wang Sijie¹^,²^,³, Ma Yukun¹^,²^,³, Fu Haiyan¹^,²^,³, Liu Chunguang¹^,²^,³()

¹ Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150500
² Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080
³ Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, College of Heilongjiang, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080

Received:2019-12-24 Revised:2020-02-07 Online:2020-05-25 Published:2020-05-21
Contact: Liu Chunguang

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了解决大豆田除草剂氟磺胺草醚长期施用造成土壤中大量残留对后茬敏感作物的药害问题,本研究通过盆栽试验研究添加细菌发酵液对玉米种子的发芽率和幼苗生长指标的影响,通过田间试验研究添加细菌发酵液对土壤和玉米籽粒中氟磺胺草醚残留和玉米产量的影响。盆栽试验表明土壤处理30天和60天处理组的玉米出苗率差异极显著,根干重差异显著;菌液处理土壤30天时,残留氟磺胺草醚对后茬敏感作物玉米幼苗生长影响较小;田间试验表明收获时土壤中未检测出氟磺胺草醚,玉米吸收了86.91%~97.87%氟磺胺草醚,施用菌液后玉米籽粒对氟磺胺草醚的残留率下降了21.8%~32.76%,使其残留量符合国家标准,而且能够增加玉米株棒数和平均产量。菌液施用对氟磺胺草醚污染的土壤具有较好的修复作用且能够减轻氟磺胺草醚对后茬玉米的药害现象。

关键词: 氟磺胺草醚, 细菌, 土壤修复, 盆栽试验, 田间试验

Abstract:

To solve the problem that a large number of residues in soil caused by the long-term application of the herbicide fomesafen in soybean field is harmful to sensitive succession crops, in this study, the pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of adding bacterial fermentation liquid on germination rate of maize seeds and seedling growth index, and a field experiment was conducted to explore the effect of adding bacterial fermentation liquid on the residue of fomesafen in soil and maize grain and maize yield. Pot experiment showed that there were extremely significant differences in the emergence rates of maize between the 30 d and 60 d soil treatment groups, and there were significant differences in dry weights of roots. When the soil was treated with bacterial solution for 30 days, the residual fomesafen had little effect on the growth of maize seedlings. The results of field experiments showed that no fomesafen was detected in soil at harvest time, and 86.91%-97.87% fomesafen was absorbed by maize. The residual rate of fomesafen in maize seeds decreased by 21.8%-32.76% after the application of bacterial solution, which made the residue meet the national standard, and increased the number of maize sticks and the average yield of maize. The application of bacterial solution has a better remediation effect on the soil polluted by fomesafen and could reduce the harmful phenomenon of fomesafen to the following maize.

Key words: fomesafen, bacteria, soil remediation, pot experiment, field experiment

中图分类号:

S567

杨峰山, 王颜波, 孙丛, 何婧, 王思杰, 马玉堃, 付海燕, 刘春光. 高效降解细菌对氟磺胺草醚污染土壤修复效果探究[J]. 中国农学通报, 2020, 36(15): 68-73.

Yang Fengshan, Wang Yanbo, Sun Cong, He Jing, Wang Sijie, Ma Yukun, Fu Haiyan, Liu Chunguang. Highly Efficient Degradation Bacteria: Remediation Effect on Soil Polluted by Fomesafen[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2020, 36(15): 68-73.

图/表 4

参考文献 20

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指标	30 d														60 d
	对照组		显著水平					处理组	显著水平				对照组		显著水平				处理组		显著水平
	对照组		0.05			0.01		处理组	0.05		0.01		对照组		0.05		0.01		处理组		0.05		0.01
出苗率/%	0		d			C		40.48 ±2.02	b		B		14.29 ±0.72		c		C		66.67±3.33		a		A
株高/cm	0		c			B		20±1	a		A		7.97 ±0.40		b		B		20.16±1.01		a		A
株鲜重/g	0		b			B		0.41 ±0.02	a		A		0.15±0.01		b		B		0.44±0.02		a		A
株干重/g	0		c			B		0.14 ±0.01	ab		A		0.05 ±0.003		bc		AB		0.15±0.01		a		A
根鲜重/g		0		b	B		0.7±0.043			a		A		0.84 ±0.04		a		A		1.11±0.06		a		A
根干重/g		0		c	B		0.23±0.0115			b		AB		0.44±0.022		a		A		0.46±0.023		a		A

指标	30 d														60 d
	对照组		显著水平					处理组	显著水平				对照组		显著水平				处理组		显著水平
	对照组		0.05			0.01		处理组	0.05		0.01		对照组		0.05		0.01		处理组		0.05		0.01
出苗率/%	0		d			C		40.48 ±2.02	b		B		14.29 ±0.72		c		C		66.67±3.33		a		A
株高/cm	0		c			B		20±1	a		A		7.97 ±0.40		b		B		20.16±1.01		a		A
株鲜重/g	0		b			B		0.41 ±0.02	a		A		0.15±0.01		b		B		0.44±0.02		a		A
株干重/g	0		c			B		0.14 ±0.01	ab		A		0.05 ±0.003		bc		AB		0.15±0.01		a		A
根鲜重/g		0		b	B		0.7±0.043			a		A		0.84 ±0.04		a		A		1.11±0.06		a		A
根干重/g		0		c	B		0.23±0.0115			b		AB		0.44±0.022		a		A		0.46±0.023		a		A

高效降解细菌对氟磺胺草醚污染土壤修复效果探究

Highly Efficient Degradation Bacteria: Remediation Effect on Soil Polluted by Fomesafen

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