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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (6): 16-21.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0199

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同麦类作物籽粒灌浆特性研究

张杉(), 王培营, 江晓东(), 蔡春昊, 郑建杰, 杨再强   

  1. 江苏省农业气象重点实验室/生态与应用气象学院，南京 210044
  • 收稿日期:2023-03-14 修回日期:2023-05-15 出版日期:2024-02-22 发布日期:2024-02-22
  • 通讯作者:
    江晓东，男，1976年出生，山东威海人，副教授，博士，研究方向：农业气象。通信地址：210044 江苏省南京市浦口区宁六路219号，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    张杉，女，2002年出生，河南郑州人，本科，研究方向：农业气象。通信地址：210044 江苏省南京市浦口区宁六路219号，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划“黄淮海小麦干旱和春季冻害监测评估及预警预测研究”(2022YFD2300202)

Study on Grain Filling Characteristics of Different Wheat Crops

ZHANG Shan(), WANG Peiying, JIANG Xiaodong(), CAI Chunhao, ZHENG Jianjie, YANG Zaiqiang   

  1. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agricultural Meteorology/School of Ecology and Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044
  • Received:2023-03-14 Revised:2023-05-15 Published-:2024-02-22 Online:2024-02-22

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摘要：

为研究不同麦类作物籽粒的灌浆特性，以小麦品种‘宁麦13’、大麦品种‘龙啤1号’和青稞品种‘昆仑15号’为试材，利用Logistic模型对籽粒灌浆过程进行拟合，分析了3种作物粒重增长进程和灌浆参数的差异。结果表明：小麦、大麦和青稞千粒重分别为51.60、49.01、46.43 g/(1000grain)，三者之间差异显著(P<0.05)。小麦籽粒有效灌浆时间为45.89 d，分别比大麦和青稞长9.84 d和3.59 d (P<0.05)；小麦粒重快增期和缓增期持续时间显著长于大麦和青稞，青稞与大麦无显著性差异。大麦籽粒平均灌浆速率为1.37 g/(1000grain·d)，高于小麦和青稞18.10%和24.55% (P<0.05)；大麦籽粒粒重快增期灌浆速率、缓增期灌浆速率和最大灌浆速率显著高于小麦和青稞，青稞与小麦无显著性差异，但大麦在快增期灌浆速率下降最快。可见，小麦与大麦、青稞之间粒重的差异主要取决于籽粒灌浆持续时间，大麦与青稞之间粒重的差异主要取决于籽粒的灌浆速率。

关键词: 麦类作物, Logistic模型, 灌浆速率, 灌浆持续时间, 千粒重

Abstract:

In order to study the characteristics of grain-filling process of different wheat crops, the grain-filling process of wheat variety ‘Ningmai 13’, barley variety ‘Longpi 1’ and highland barley variety ‘Kunlun 15’ was simulated by Logistic model. The differences of grain weight growth process and grain-filling parameters of the three crops were analyzed. The results showed that the 1000-grain weight of wheat, barley and highland barley were 51.60 g/(1000grain), 49.01 g/(1000grain), and 46.43 g/(1000grain), respectively, with significant differences among them (P<0.05). The effective grain-filling time of wheat was 45.89 d, which was 9.84 d and 3.59 d longer than that of barley and highland barley, respectively (P<0.05). The duration of rapid and slow growth stages of wheat grain weight was significantly longer than that of barley and highland barley, while there was no significant difference between barley and highland barley. The average grain-filling rate of barley was 1.37 g/(1000grain·d), which was 18.10% and 24.55% higher than that of wheat and highland barley (P<0.05), respectively. The grain-filling rate of barley at the rapid growth stage, the slow growth stage and the maximum grain-filling rate were significantly higher than those of wheat and highland barley, and there was no significant difference between highland barley and wheat, but the grain-filling rate of barley decreased the fastest at the rapid growth stage. Therefore, the difference of grain weight among wheat, barley and highland barley mainly depends on the duration of grain-filling, and the difference of grain weight between barley and highland barley mainly depends on the grain-filling rate.

Key words: wheat crops, logistic model, grain-filling rate, grain-filling duration, 1000-grain weight