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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (32): 56-61.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0371

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

沿海滩涂不同青贮种植模式下土壤盐分、养分及碳库变化特征

张蛟1(), 崔士友1, 陈澎军2, 韩继军2, 张瑞1   

  1. 1 江苏沿江地区农业科学研究所，江苏南通 226012
    2 江苏省地质局/自然资源部滨海盐碱地生态改良与可持续利用工程技术创新中心，南京 210007
  • 收稿日期:2024-05-31 修回日期:2024-09-04 出版日期:2024-11-15 发布日期:2024-11-12
  • 作者简介:

    张蛟，男，1987年出生，陕西渭南人，助理研究员，硕士，主要从事滩涂土壤改良与开发利用方面的研究。通信地址：226012 江苏省南通市崇川区幸福街道幸福路28号，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    “江苏省自然资源厅2023年度科技计划项目“滨海盐碱障碍耕地土壤地力快速提升技术研究(2023030); 南通市科技计划项目基础研究项目“沿海滩涂苜蓿套种青贮玉米模式下土壤盐分动态及地力特征研究”(JC22022100); 沿江所学科建设基金“基于滩涂青贮种植模式的构建与技术研发”(YJXK(2021)102)

Changes of Soil Salinity, Nutrients and Carbon Pools Under Different Silage Planting Patterns in Coastal Areas

ZHANG Jiao1(), CUI Shiyou1, CHEN Pengjun2, HAN Jijun2, ZHANG Rui1   

  1. 1 Jiangsu Yanjiang Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Nantong, Jiangsu 226012
    2 Jiangsu Geological Bureau/Coastal Saline-alkali Land Ecological Rehabilitation and Sustainable Utilization Technology Innovation Center, Ministry of Natural Resources, Nanjing 210007
  • Received:2024-05-31 Revised:2024-09-04 Published:2024-11-15 Online:2024-11-12

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摘要：

2021年10月，在江苏沿海滩涂围垦区布置油菜—玉米轮作(R—M)、苜蓿套种玉米种植(A—M)和纯苜蓿种植周年模式(A—A)等不同种植试验，旨在研究沿海滩涂围垦区不同青贮种植模式下土壤盐分、养分及碳库变化特征。结果表明：（1）不同种植模式下0~40 cm土壤盐分8月前均表现出相似的动态变化规律，8月后的R—M下土壤盐分显著高于A-M和A-A；（2）0~20 cm土壤总氮、碱解氮、有机碳和易氧化碳含量均表现为A—A模式最高，且有效养分总库容量在A—M和A—A模式下相比R—M模式分别增加了6.05%和11.64%；同时，不同种植模式下土壤pH、容重和有效磷均没有明显的差异；（3）与种植前田块相比，种植1年后 A—M和A—A下碳库指数(CPI)分别提高了3.70%和8.90%，碳库活度指数(AI)分别提高了36.40%和50.50%，碳库管理指数(CPMI)分别提高了41.45%和63.94%；R—M下的AI和CMI分别提高了30.50%和26.37%。可见，沿海滩涂围垦区苜蓿种植或套种苜蓿青贮模式短期内有利于土壤盐分降低和有效养分积累，提高土壤碳库管理指数，改善滩涂土壤质量和肥力，研究结果将为今后发展青贮作物生产研发和大范围推广提供数据支撑。

关键词: 沿海滩涂, 活性有机碳, 土壤养分库, 盐分变化, 碳库管理指数

Abstract:

To explore the variations in soil salinity, nutrient levels and carbon pool dynamics under various silage planting models, a series of comparative planting experiments were initiated in the Jiangsu costal reclamation area in October 2021. The experimental designs included a rapeseed-corn rotation (R—M), alfalfa interplanting-corn (A—M), and a monoculture of alfalfa (A—A). The results showed that: (1) soil salinity within the 0-40 cm depth exhibited similar patterns of fluctuation across different models until August. However, the R—M model demonstrated significantly higher soil salinity levels in comparison to the A—M and A—A models; (2) the soil samples from the 0-20 cm layer under A—A model recorded the highest levels of total nitrogen, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, organic carbon and easily oxidized carbon. Furthermore, the total available nutrient pool capacity in A—M and A—A models was increased by 6.05% and 11.64% compared with R—M mode respectively. At the same time, there were no significant differences in soil pH, bulk density and available phosphorus under different planting models; (3) the carbon pool index (CPI) from the A—M and A—A models increased by 3.70% and 8.90%, respectively. The carbon pool activity index (AI) increased by 36.40% and 50.50%, and the carbon pool management index (CPMI) increased by 41.45% and 63.94%, respectively, compared with the forefield one year after planting. The AI and CMI from R—M model increased by 30.50% and 26.37%, respectively. Alfalfa silage planting or interplanting in coastal reclamation areas was conducive to decreasing soil salinity and the accumulation of effective nutrient in the short term, increasing soil carbon pool management index, and improving beach soil quality and fertility. The research results would provide data support for the future development of silage crop production and large-scale promotion.

Key words: coastal flat, active organic carbon, soil nutrient reservoir, salt change, carbon pool management index