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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (35): 119-124.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0229

• 植物保护 • 上一篇    下一篇

陕西关中枣区枣疯病介体昆虫种类鉴定及种群消长动态分析

翟颖妍1(), 张锋1, 田天祺1, 杨艺炜1, 曹东平2, 洪波1()   

  1. 1 陕西省生物农业研究所，西安 710043
    2 榆林市林业工作站，陕西榆林 719000
  • 收稿日期:2024-03-27 修回日期:2024-07-11 出版日期:2024-12-15 发布日期:2024-12-12
  • 通讯作者:
    洪波，男，1982年出生，河南新乡人，研究员，博士，研究方向：农林病虫害监测与防控技术。通信地址：710043 陕西省西安市咸宁中路125号，Tel：029-83429985，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    翟颖妍，女，1994年出生，陕西渭南人，助理研究员，硕士，研究方向：农林病虫害综合防控技术。通信地址：710043 陕西省西安市咸宁中路125号，Tel：029-83429985，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    陕西省林业科技创新计划专项项目“陕北枣区枣疯病介体昆虫鉴定与传毒机制研究”(SXLK2021-0213); 陕西省厅市联动重点项目“设施果蔬优质高产高效生产技术集成与应用”(2022GD-TSLD-57)

Species Identification and Population Dynamics of Potential Vectors of Jujube Witches’ Broom in Guanzhong, Shaanxi Province

ZHAI Yingyan1(), ZHANG Feng1, TIAN Tianqi1, YANG Yiwei1, CAO Dongping2, HONG Bo1()   

  1. 1 Bio-Agriculture Institute of Shaanxi, Xi’an 710043
    2 Yulin Forestry Workstation, Yilin, Shaanxi 719000
  • Received:2024-03-27 Revised:2024-07-11 Published:2024-12-15 Online:2024-12-12

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摘要：

为预防和控制陕西关中枣区枣疯病，明确枣疯病潜在的介体昆虫种类，确定主要叶蝉的种群消长动态，于陕西省大荔县3块枣疯病发病严重的枣园，利用黄板诱捕法，从2022年4—10月对枣园的潜在介体昆虫进行调查和鉴定，并基于16SrDNA基因对昆虫枣疯病植原体携带率进行分析。发现潜在介体昆虫11种，包括多彩斑翅叶蝉、片突菱纹叶蝉、凹缘菱纹叶蝉、一点木叶蝉、小绿叶蝉、条沙叶蝉、茶扁叶蝉、异色对纹叶蝉、褐三刺角蝉、灰飞虱和绿盲蝽。不同昆虫的种群消长动态表明，多彩斑翅叶蝉、片突菱纹叶蝉和凹缘菱纹叶蝉为枣园的优势种，相对丰度分别为58.38%、15.68%和10.32%。叶蝉成虫的数量呈先上升后下降的趋势，多彩斑翅叶蝉有4个数量高峰，片突菱纹叶蝉和凹缘菱纹叶蝉均有2个数量高峰。枣疯病植原体PCR检测结果表明，片突菱纹叶蝉、凹缘菱纹叶蝉和灰飞虱样本中枣疯病植原体携带率分别为13.33%、12.67%和10.00%，其他昆虫中未检测出枣疯病植原体。本研究首次在灰飞虱体内检测到枣疯病植原体，表明灰飞虱可能为潜在的枣疯病介体昆虫。对介体昆虫的监测与防治有利于控制枣疯病的流行与蔓延，研究旨在为以阻断枣疯病传播链为目的的介体昆虫防治提供参考。

关键词: 枣疯病, 叶蝉, 植原体, 介体昆虫, 种群消长动态, 陕西关中地区

Abstract:

In order to preventing and controlling the jujube witches’broom (JWB), the species identification and population dynamics of potential insect vectors transmitting JWB phytoplasma were performed and analyzed in jujube production area of Guanzhong area, Shaanxi province. The yellow sticky traps were utilized to survey and identify the insect vectors in the jujube orchards in Dali County, from April to October 2022. The rate of JWB phytoplasma carriage by potential vectors was analyzed based on 16SrDNA gene. Eleven species of potential vectors were identified, including Hishimonus lamellatus Cai et Kuoh, Hishimonus sellatus Uhler, Psammotettix striatus Linnaeus, Phlogotettix Cyclops Mulsant et Rey, Chanohirata theae Matsumura, Tautoneura polymitusa Oh & Jung, Zygina discolor Horváth, Empoascas pp., Tricentrus brunneus Funkhouser, Laodelphax striatellus Fallén and Apolygus lucorum Meyer-Dür. Population dynamics of different insects showed that T. polymitusa, H. lamellatus and H. sellatus were the dominant species in jujube orchards, with relative abundances of 58.38%, 15.68% and 10.32%, respectively. The number of leafhopper adults showed a trend of increasing and then decreasing. There were four population peaks for T. polymitusa, and two peaks for H. lamellatus and H. sellatus. The results of PCR detection displayed that the carrier rate of JWB phytoplasma was 13.33%, 12.67% and 10.00% in samples of H. lamellatus, H. sellatus and L. striatellus, respectively. No JWB phytoplasma was detected in other insect samples. The JWB phytoplasma was detected for the first time in L. striatellus, indicating that L. striatellus may be a potential vector insect for JWB. Accordingly, the monitoring and control of vector insects are conducive to the management of JWB. The study aims to provide reference for the control of vector insects to block the transmission chain of JWB.

Key words: jujube witches’broom, leafhopper, phytoplasma, vector insects, population dynamics, Guanzhong area of Shaanxi province