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中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (20): 41-46.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0140

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

薏苡雌性不育杂交群体的叶缘、总苞颜色遗传分析

陆秀娟1,2(), 李祥栋1,2, 魏心元1,2, 曾涛1,2, 潘虹1,2, 石明1,2   

  1. 1 黔西南州农业林业科学研究院,贵州兴义 562400
    2 贵州省薏苡工程技术研究中心,贵州兴义 562400
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-03 修回日期:2025-06-19 出版日期:2025-07-15 发布日期:2025-07-21
  • 作者简介:

    陆秀娟,女,1989年出生,贵州册亨人,高级农艺师,本科,研究方向为薏苡遗传育种与栽培生理。通信地址:562400 贵州省兴义市贵醇路70号,Tel:0859-3613078,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    2024年贵州省财政种业发展项目“薏苡优异种质创制及新品种(系)选育”(黔财农〔2024〕14号)

Genetic Analysis of Leaf Margin and Involucre Color in Female Sterile Hybrid Population of Coix lacryma-jobi

LU Xiujuan1,2(), LI Xiangdong1,2, WEI Xinyuan1,2, ZENG Tao1,2, PAN Hong1,2, SHI Ming1,2   

  1. 1 Qianxinan Research Institute of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Xingyi, Guizhou 562400
    2 Adlay Engineering Technical Research Centre in Guizhou, Xingyi, Guizhou 562400
  • Received:2025-03-03 Revised:2025-06-19 Published:2025-07-15 Online:2025-07-21

摘要:

本研究旨在探究薏苡的叶缘颜色与总苞颜色在不同材料背景下的遗传规律,以期进一步丰富薏苡颜色性状的遗传理论,为薏苡的遗传改良以及颜色标记性状的应用提供理论支撑。以薏苡雌性不育株‘FS2106’为父本、分别与正常育性材料‘2130’和‘CL63’杂交,构建遗传群体。对F1、F2代群体的叶缘颜色和总苞颜色性状的分离情况进行统计,并通过卡方检验分析其遗传规律,同时探讨各性状之间的遗传关系。研究结果显示,薏苡的紫色叶缘相对于绿色叶缘,黑色总苞相对于白色总苞均表现为显性性状。在母本材料‘2130’与‘FS2106’的杂交F2代群体中,叶缘颜色紫色与绿色的分离比符合3:1,这表明紫色叶缘为受1对显性基因控制的遗传;而以‘CL63’为母本材料的F2代群体中,紫色叶缘与绿色叶缘的分离比符合9:7的比例,说明紫色叶缘由2对显性基因控制,且这2对基因之间存在互补作用。由此可见,叶缘颜色的遗传方式因亲本材料的遗传背景不同而有所差异。总苞颜色黑色与白色的分离比在一定程度上偏离了孟德尔遗传比例,推测可能是特殊材料‘FS2106’中雌性不育基因渗入所致。研究还发现,叶缘颜色与总苞颜色性状之间呈独立遗传,互不干扰;雌性不育基因与控制叶缘颜色的基因不存在连锁关系,但雌性不育基因抑制了总苞性状相关基因的表达。本研究首次揭示了薏苡叶缘颜色的遗传方式,阐明了总苞颜色在不同材料间的遗传差异,并简要探讨了各性状间的遗传关系,为丰富薏苡颜色性状的遗传理论提供了有价值的参考。

关键词: 薏苡, 叶缘颜色, 总苞颜色, 遗传群体, 遗传分析, 性状分离, 雌性不育, 遗传关系

Abstract:

To further enrich the genetic theory of the color traits in Coix lacryma-jobi, and provide theoretical guidance for its genetic improvement and practical application of color marker traits, this study investigated the genetic laws of leaf margin color and involucre color across distinct genetic backgrounds. Genetic populations were generated by crossing the female sterile plant ‘FS2106’ as the male parent with two normal female fertile materials ‘2130’ and ‘CL63’ as the female parents, then the segregation performance of leaf margin colors and involucre colors in F1 and F2 generations were counted and analyzed to study their genetic laws by using chi-square tests, while exploring the genetic relationships among various traits and potential trait correlations. The results showed that the phenotype of purple leaf margin color was dominant to green leaf margin color, and the black involucre was dominant to white involucre color in C. lacryma-jobi; in the F2 population derived from the cross between female parent ‘2130’ and male parent ‘FS2106’, the segregation ratio of purple to green leaf margin color accorded with 3:1, indicating that purple leaf margin color was controlled by one allele, showing a dominant inheritance; while in the F2 population derived from the female parent ‘CL63’, the segregation ratio of purple to green leaf margin color accorded with 9:7, indicating that purple leaf margin color was controlled by two complementary dominant genes, and there was a complementary effect between these two pairs of genes. It indicated that leaf margin color showed discrepant hereditary modes in different genetic backgrounds of parental materials. In addition, the segregation ratio of black to white involucre color was deviated from the Mendelian inheritance more or less, it might be caused by the introgression of the female sterile gene from special material ‘FS2106’. Leaf margin color and involucre color were inherited independently of one another and exhibited no genetic interference or pleiotropic effects; the female sterile gene had no genetic association with the gene controlling the leaf margin color, while the presence of female sterile gene significantly suppressed the gene expression of involucre-related traits. This study reveals the genetic inheritance mode of the leaf margin color in C. lacryma-jobi for the first time, elucidates the genetic differences in involucre color arising from distinct genetic materials, furthermore, it briefly explores the genetic relationships and correlations among various traits, these findings can provide valuable references for enriching the genetic theory of the color traits in C. lacryma-jobi.

Key words: Coix lacryma-jobi, leaf margin color, involucre color, genetic population, genetic analysis, segregation of trait, female sterile, genetic relationship