欢迎访问《中国农学通报》，
中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (22): 65-74.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0764

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

矿质元素含量对新疆灰枣果实品质的影响

郑晨烨1(), 闫豫疆2()   

  1. 1 新疆农业大学资源与环境学院，乌鲁木齐 830052
    2 新疆农业大学经济管理学院，乌鲁木齐 830052
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-16 修回日期:2025-07-01 出版日期:2025-08-05 发布日期:2025-08-11
  • 通讯作者:
    闫豫疆，男，1986年出生，新疆沙雅人，讲师，博士，研究方向：区域资源与环境研究。通信地址：830052 乌鲁木齐市沙依巴克区南昌路 新疆农业大学，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    郑晨烨，女，2005年出生，河南商丘人，本科，研究方向：生态安全格局研究。通信地址：830052 乌鲁木齐市沙依巴克区南昌路 新疆农业大学，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    新疆维吾尔自治区教育厅高校基本科研业务费科研项目“开都-孔雀河流域生态服务与经济发展时空协调性研究”(XJEDU2024P042)

Effects of Mineral Element Content on Fruit Quality of Xinjiang Gray Jujube

ZHENG Chenye1(), YAN Yujiang2()   

  1. 1 College of Resources and Environment Architecture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052
    2 College of Economics and Management, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052
  • Received:2024-12-16 Revised:2025-07-01 Published:2025-08-05 Online:2025-08-11

RichHTML

1

PDF (PC)

3

摘要：

为解析新疆主产区灰枣果实核心品质指标与矿质元素间的定量关联特征，明确关键元素（如Mg、B、P等）对品质形成的直接作用强度及方向，在灰枣主产区选择9个县市灰枣园进行采摘，测定灰枣果实7种品质指标和11种矿质营养元素的含量，借助相关分析与通径分析等统计学方法，对矿质元素和果实品质指标之间的关系进行分析。结果表明，不同产地间各果实品质指标、矿质元素含量差异明显。可滴定酸、蛋白质、糖酸比、B、Fe、Zn含量的变异系数均大于30%，可食率的变异系数最小（仅为1.06%）。矿质营养元素与果实品质间存在显著相关性，单果重与P含量(r=-0.657)、Mg含量(r=-0.606)、S含量(r=-0.648)呈极显著负相关；果形指数与P含量(r=-0.603)呈极显著负相关；可滴定酸与Ca含量(r=0.651)呈极显著正相关。通径分析表明，Mg对灰枣果实单果重、可溶性糖的负直接作用最大，分别为 -0.698、-0.446；对蛋白质、果形指数的直接影响最大，分别为0.785、0.529。B对可滴定酸含量的负直接影响最大，为-0.959；对糖酸比含量的直接影响最大，为0.978。P对可食率的负直接作用最大，为-0.825。此外，Mn(0.373)和P(0.342)对可溶性糖具有较大的影响。在实际生产环节中，适当增加B、Mn以及P肥的施用量，对Mg和Ca肥的施用量加以管控或减少，妥善协调各类营养元素在施肥过程中的比例分配，可有效提升果实品质，达成灰枣优质且高效生产的预期目标。

关键词: 新疆灰枣, 矿质元素, 果实品质, 相关分析, 通径分析, 合理施肥, 微量元素, 品质调控

Abstract:

This study aims to analyze the quantitative correlation characteristics between the core quality indexes and mineral elements of gray jujube fruits in the main producing areas of Xinjiang, and clarify the direct effect intensity and direction of key elements (e.g., Mg, B, P, etc.) on quality formation. Samples were collected from orchards in 9 counties of major producing areas. Seven quality parameters (single fruit weight, soluble sugar, titratable acid, protein, fruit shape index, edible rate, and sugar-acid ratio) and eleven mineral elements (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, B, S) were analyzed using correlation and path analysis. Results showed significant regional variations, with coefficients of variation exceeding 30% for titratable acid, protein, sugar-acid ratio, B, Fe, and Zn, while edible rate exhibited the smallest variation (CV=1.06%). Significant correlations between mineral nutrients and fruit quality were identified: single fruit weight was negatively correlated with P (r=-0.657), Mg (r=-0.606), and S (r=-0.648); fruit shape index was significantly negatively correlated with P (r=-0.603); and titratable acid was positively correlated with Ca (r=0.651). Path analysis revealed that Mg exerted the strongest negative direct effects on single fruit weight (-0.698) and soluble sugar (-0.446), but positive effects on protein (0.785) and fruit shape index (0.529). B showed the maximal negative impact on titratable acid (-0.959) and positive impact on sugar-acid ratio (0.978). P negatively influenced edible rate (-0.825), while Mn (0.373) and P (0.342) significantly affected soluble sugar. These findings suggest that increasing B, Mn, and P fertilization with controlled Mg and Ca inputs, combined with optimized nutrient allocation, can effectively enhance fruit quality. This study provides a theoretical foundation for precision fertilization strategies to achieve high-quality jujube production, promoting industry transformation toward efficient and precision-oriented management.

Key words: Xinjiang gray jujube, mineral elements, fruit quality, correlation analysis, path analysis, reasonable fertilization, trace elements, quality management