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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (20): 91-96.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0051

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

新型生物有机肥对烤烟生长整齐度及生产效益的影响

张明发1(), 张迪1(), 张胜1, 巢进1, 田茂成1, 刘来华2, 田咏梅1, 马琳1, 覃浪1, 彭章强1, 蒲文宣3   

  1. 1 湖南湘西州烟草公司生产技术中心，湖南吉首 416000
    2 中国农业大学，北京 100083
    3 湖南中烟工业有限责任公司，长沙 410100
  • 收稿日期:2025-01-23 修回日期:2025-06-17 出版日期:2025-07-15 发布日期:2025-07-21
  • 通讯作者:
    张迪，男，1986年出生，湖南吉首人，助理农艺师，本科，主要研究方向为烟草栽培与生产管理领域。通信地址：416000 湖南省吉首市人民南路118号 湘西州烟草公司生产经营部，Tel：0743-8568387，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    张明发，男，1968年出生，湖南永顺人，高级农艺师，本科，主要研究方向为土壤肥料与烟草栽培领域。通信地址：416000 湖南省吉首市人民南路118号 湘西州烟草公司技术中心，Tel：0743-8568387，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    湖南省烟草公司湘西自治州公司科技项目“巨菌草在烤烟生产上的应用研究”(XX2024-2027Aa01); 湖南省烟草公司湘西自治州公司科技项目“基于表型组和营养组解析的烤烟一次性控释肥研发与应用”(XX2022-2025Aa02)

Effect of Different Innovative Bio-organic Fertilizers on Growth Uniformity and Benefit of Flue-cured Tobacco

ZHANG Mingfa1(), ZHANG Di1(), ZHANG Sheng1, CHAO Jin1, TIAN Maocheng1, LIU Laihua2, TIAN Yongmei1, MA Lin1, QIN Lang1, PENG Zhangqiang1, PU Wenxuan3   

  1. 1 Production Technique Center, Xiangxi Tobacco Company, Jishou, Hunan 416000
    2 China Agriculture University, Beijing 100083
    3 China Tobacco Hunan Industrial Co, Ltd., Changsha 410100
  • Received:2025-01-23 Revised:2025-06-17 Published:2025-07-15 Online:2025-07-21

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摘要： 为鉴定优质新型生物有机肥对烤烟生长整齐度及生产效益的影响，以‘湘烟7号’为供试品种，设置生物有机肥A型（巨菌草）、生物有机肥B型（控释肥）、常规生物有机肥（对照）等5个处理开展大田小区试验，通过测定农艺性状、经济性状并构建偏最小二乘路径模型进行分析。结果表明，450 kg/hm2生物肥A型（巨菌草）与B型（控释肥）可显著提高中部叶长、上部叶长整齐度及叶数整齐度，其中A型处理对中部叶面积提升效果显著，B型处理对中部叶面积整齐度优化更明显。产量与株高整齐度、上部叶面积整齐度、叶数整齐度呈显著正相关(P<0.05)，且T3（A型450 kg/hm2）和T5（B型450 kg/hm2）处理的产值较对照分别提高8.28%和5.52%。偏最小二乘路径模型显示，株高整齐度（通径系数0.543）、上部叶面积整齐度（0.423）和叶数整齐度（0.335）是影响产量的主要因子，模型拟合相关系数达0.946(P<0.05)。研究证实新型生物有机肥可通过改善田间整齐度提升烤烟产量与经济效益，为生物肥筛选及栽培技术优化提供理论依据。

关键词: 整齐度, 生物有机肥, 巨菌草, 烤烟, 相关分析, 偏最小二乘路径模型

Abstract:

In order to identify the effect of new bio-organic fertilizers on growth uniformity and benefit of flue-cured tobacco, five treatments including bio-organic fertilizer A (Pennisetum giganteum), bio-organic fertilizer B (a controlled-release fertilizer), and conventional bio-organic fertilizer (control) were designed for a field-plot experimental study. By using a correlation analysis and partial least squares path model, we investigated the uniformity of major agronomic traits of flue-cured tobacco plants during the maturation growth period, the relationship between fertilizer cost and the final yield value, as well as some related variabilities. Results showed that the application of the biological fertilizer A and B could improve the uniformity of the length of the middle- and upper-part tobacco leaves, and modulate the uniformity of leaf numbers. Among them, the treatment A had a significant effect on the middle leaf area, and the B treatment had a more obvious optimization of the middle leaf area uniformity. The yield was significantly positively correlated with plant height uniformity, upper leaf area uniformity and leaf number uniformity (P < 0.05), and the output value of T3 (A type 450 kg /hm2) and T5 (B type 450 kg /hm2) treatments increased by 8.28 % and 5.52 %, respectively, compared with the control. The partial least squares path model showed that plant height uniformity ( path coefficient 0.543 ), upper leaf area uniformity ( 0.423 ) and leaf number uniformity ( 0.335 ) were the main factors affecting yield, and the model fitting correlation coefficient was 0.946 (P < 0.05). The study confirmed that the new bio-organic fertilizer can improve the yield and economic benefits of flue-cured tobacco by improving the uniformity of the field, and provide a theoretical basis for the screening of bio-fertilizer and the optimization of cultivation techniques.

Key words: uniformity, bio-organic fertilizer, Pennisetum giganteum, flue-cured tobacco, correlation analysis, partial least squares path modelq