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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (15): 45-50.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0750

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

配施土壤改良剂对烤烟田间生长发育的影响

牛源丰1(), 熊茜2, 林云红2, 康前真1, 刘正万1, 吴昱聪1, 周桂夙1()   

  1. 1 云南农业大学烟草学院，昆明 650201
    2 云南省红塔烟草集团楚雄卷烟厂，云南楚雄 675000
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-29 修回日期:2025-04-03 出版日期:2025-05-25 发布日期:2025-05-29
  • 通讯作者:
    周桂夙，女，1979年出生，云南曲靖人，副教授，博士，研究方向：作物养分利用研究。通信地址：650201 昆明市盘龙区沣源路452号，Tel：0871-5227816，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    牛源丰，男，2002年出生，甘肃甘谷人，硕士在读，研究方向：作物养分利用研究。通信地址：650201 昆明市盘龙区沣源路452号，Tel：0871-5227816，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目“长期不同培肥措施对土壤氮初级转化速率影响及其微生物学机制”(32060445); “2022年红塔集团楚雄原料基地烟叶品质提升的技术研究和应用”(HTCX-2022-5454)

Effect of Combined Application of Soil Conditioner on Growth and Development of Flue-cured Tobacco

NIU Yuanfeng1(), XIONG Qian2, LIN Yunhong2, KANG Qianzhen1, LIU Zhengwan1, WU Yucong1, ZHOU Guisu1()   

  1. 1 College of Tobacco Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201
    2 Chuxiong Cigarette Factory of Yunnan Hongta Tobacco Group, Chuxiong, Yunnan 675000
  • Received:2024-11-29 Revised:2025-04-03 Published:2025-05-25 Online:2025-05-29

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摘要：

为探讨土壤改良剂对烤烟田间生长发育的影响，于2023年4—10月在云南省楚雄州双柏县开展田间试验，以烤烟‘K326’品种为供试品种，设不施肥(NF)、常规施肥(CK)、常规施肥+土壤改良剂(CF+SC)、减氮20%+土壤改良剂(RN+SC) 共4个处理，3次重复，共12个小区，在移栽后45、65、120 d时，测定不同处理烤烟田间主要农艺性状、养分含量及产质量的影响。试验结果表明：在移栽后45 d，常规施肥+土壤改良剂表现最好，其中在株高、茎围、节距、最大叶面积方面相较于CK分别显著增加了8.85%、4.4%、3.31%、14.82%，CK和减氮20%+土壤改良剂表现次之；在植株养分含量方面，常规施肥+土壤改良剂处理可以明显提升烟株的干重和鲜重，在65 d时，常规施肥+土壤改良剂和减氮20%+土壤改良剂的鲜重显著高于不施肥处理，减氮20%+土壤改良剂处理的干重显著高于CK和不施肥处理；在植株养分吸收方面，移栽后120 d，CK处理的吸氮量和吸磷量相较于常规施肥+土壤改良剂处理，分别增加了13.60%和11.28%；在经济性状方面，在产值、产量、均价及上等烟比例方面，常规施肥+土壤改良剂处理相较于CK，分别显著增加了41.67%、32.44%、8.77%、39.31%。综上所述，在楚雄烟区常规施肥基础上配施土壤改良剂，可以显著促进‘K326’的田间生长，提高烟叶产质量及经济效益，而减氮20%配施改良剂虽降低氮磷吸收量，也能维持较高的生物量积累，施加土壤改良剂具备节肥增效的潜力。

关键词: 烤烟, 土壤改良剂, 生长发育, 烟叶, 产质量, 楚雄

Abstract:

To investigate the effects of soil amendments on field growth and development of flue-cured tobacco, a field experiment was conducted from April to October 2023 in Shuangbai, Chuxiong, Yunnan Province. Four treatments were established, including no fertilization (NF), conventional compound fertilizer (CK), conventional compound fertilizer + soil conditioner (CF+SC), and 20% nitrogen reduction + soil conditioner (RN+SC), with three replicates, total 12 treatments. Agronomic traits, nutrient content, yield and quality were analyzed at 45, 65 and 120 days after transplanting. The results showed that on 45 d, compared to CK, the treatment of CF+SC was significantly increased in plant height, stem circumference, internode length, and maximum leaf area, which was 8.85%, 4.4%, 3.31%, and 14.82% higher, separately. CK and RN+SC ranked second. In terms of nutrient content, local conventional fertilization + soil conditioner treatment was significantly increased the dry weight and fresh weight of tobacco plants under the conditions of this experiment. On 65 d, the fresh weight of conventional fertilization + soil conditioner and nitrogen reduction 20%+soil conditioner soil conditioner treatment was significantly higher than that of no fertilization treatment, and the dry weight of nitrogen reduction 20%+soil conditioner soil conditioner treatment was significantly higher than that of CK and no fertilization treatment. In terms of nutrient absorption by flue-cured tobacco plants, after 120 days of transplanting, the nitrogen and phosphorus uptake of the CK treatment increased by 13.60% and 11.28% respectively compared to the conventional fertilization + soil conditioner treatment. The conventional fertilization + soil conditioner treatment significantly increased the output value, yield, average price, and proportion of high-quality tobacco compared to CK by 41.67%, 32.44%, 8.77%, and 39.31%, respectively. In summary, the application of soil amendments in addition to conventional fertilization in Chuxiong flue-cured tobacco growing areas could significantly promote the field growth of ‘K326’, improve tobacco yield, quality, and economic benefits. While reducing nitrogen by 20% with amendments could lower nitrogen and phosphorus uptake, it can still maintain high biomass accumulation and has the potential to save fertilizer and increase efficiency

Key words: flue-cured tobacco, soil conditioner, growth and development, tobacco, yield and quality, Chuxiong