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中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (28): 155-164.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0031

• 水产·渔业 • 上一篇    

连云港地区养殖池塘水质监测与评价

王政委1(), 于飞1(), 杨程2, 路吉坤1, 姜珊珊2, 孙玉琦2, 高焕2   

  1. 1 连云港市海洋与渔业发展促进中心,江苏连云港 222001
    2 江苏海洋大学江苏省海洋生物技术重点实验室,江苏连云港 222005
  • 收稿日期:2025-01-10 修回日期:2025-05-12 出版日期:2025-10-05 发布日期:2025-10-10
  • 通讯作者:
    于飞,男,1980年出生,山东沂水人,正高级工程师,硕士,研究方向:水产养殖水环境化学。通信地址:222001 江苏省连云港市海州区朝阳中路14号 连云港市海洋与渔业发展促进中心,Tel:0518-85680933,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    王政委,女,1999年出生,山东临朐人,助理工程师,硕士,研究方向:水产养殖水环境化学。通信地址:222001 江苏省连云港市海州区朝阳中路14号 连云港市海洋与渔业发展促进中心,Tel:0518-85680933,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    江苏省农业生态保护与资源利用补助专项“连云港市2022年规模养殖区养殖尾水监测项目”(连农复〔2022〕210号)

Water Quality Monitoring and Evaluation of Aquaculture Ponds in Lianyungang Area

WANG Zhengwei1(), YU Fei1(), YANG Cheng2, LU Jikun1, JIANG Shanshan2, SUN Yuqi2, GAO Huan2   

  1. 1 Lianyungang Marine and Fishery Development Promotion Center, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222001
    2 Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222005
  • Received:2025-01-10 Revised:2025-05-12 Published:2025-10-05 Online:2025-10-10

摘要:

为评估连云港地区养殖池塘的水质状况,于2022年5—12月对9个淡水养殖池塘和4个海水养殖池塘的水源水、塘口水、尾水进行采样分析,重点关注理化指标及变化趋势。研究采用单因子污染指数法和内梅罗综合污染指数法,对养殖池塘塘口水、尾水的污染程度进行系统评估。监测结果表明,海水养殖池塘塘口水中,溶解无机氮(DIN)浓度在5—7月较高,而溶解无机磷(DIP)浓度在8月达到峰值。淡水养殖池塘塘口水中,总氮(TN)浓度整体较高,氨氮(NH4+-N)浓度在5月较高,总磷(TP)浓度则在8—10月显著上升。尾水水质分析显示,海水养殖池塘尾水的主要污染物是DIN,其中50.0%的尾水DIN浓度超过江苏省《池塘养殖尾水排放标准》二级排放标准;淡水养殖池塘尾水的主要污染物是NH4+-N、TN,超过二级排放标准比例分别为25.0%、37.5%。基于内梅罗综合污染指数评价,37.5%的海水池塘和50.0%的淡水池塘塘口水处于中度和重度污染水平。总体而言,75.0%的调查池塘养殖尾水水质较为清洁,整体质量状况较好。

关键词: 连云港, 养殖池塘, 水质, 单因子污染指数, 内梅罗综合污染指数

Abstract:

In order to evaluate the water quality condition of aquaculture ponds in Lianyungang area, this study sampled and analyzed the source water, pond water and tailwater of nine freshwater aquaculture ponds and four seawater aquaculture ponds from May to December 2022, with a focus on the physicochemical indexes of aquaculture ponds and the trend of change. This study adopted the single-factor pollution index method and the Nemerow comprehensive pollution index method to assess the degree of pollution of pond water and tail water in the aquaculture ponds systematically. The monitoring results indicated that the concentration of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) in the pond water of seawater aquaculture ponds was higher from May to July, while the concentration of dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP) reached its peak in August. The concentration of total nitrogen (TN) in pond water from freshwater aquaculture ponds were higher overall, and ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N) was higher in May, and the concentration of total phosphorus (TP) increased significantly from August to October. The analysis of tailwater quality indicated that the main pollutant in the tailwater of the seawater aquaculture ponds was DIN, and the concentration of DIN in 50.0% of the tail water exceeded the secondary discharge standard of Jiangsu Provincial Discharge Standard of Water from Aquaculture Ponds; the main pollutants in the tailwater of the freshwater aquaculture ponds were NH4+-N and TN, with the proportions of the tailwater exceeding the secondary discharge standard being 25.0% and 37.5% respectively. Based on the Nemerow comprehensive pollution index evalution, 37.5% of the pond water in seawater ponds and 50.0% of the pond water in freshwater ponds were at moderate and severe pollution levels. Overall, 75.0% of the surveyed ponds aquaculture tailwater was relatively clean, with the overall quality condition being good.

Key words: Lianyungang, aquaculture ponds, water quality, single-factor pollution index, Nemerow comprehensive pollution index