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中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (31): 95-101.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0788

• 植物保护·农药 • 上一篇    下一篇

江苏省高粱炭疽病病原菌的分离鉴定

任春梅1(), 郭思思1,2, 王海涛1, 程兆榜1, 陆芳1, 杨柳1, 季英华1()   

  1. 1 江苏省农业科学院植物保护研究所,南京 210014
    2 福建农林大学植物保护学院,福州 350002
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-23 修回日期:2025-03-15 出版日期:2025-11-05 发布日期:2025-11-07
  • 通讯作者:
    季英华,男,1979年出生,山东日照人,研究员,博士,主要从事作物病害机理及绿色防控研究,Tel:025-84390394,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    任春梅,女,1981年出生,江苏大丰人,副研究员,硕士,主要从事玉米高粱病害研究。通信地址:210014 江苏省南京市玄武区钟灵街50号,Tel:025-84390394,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    江苏现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(JATS(2023)390)

Isolation and Identification of Pathogenic Fungi Causing Sorghum Anthracnosis in Jiangsu Province

REN Chunmei1(), GUO Sisi1,2, WANG Haitao1, CHENG Zhaobang1, LU Fang1, YANG Liu1, JI Yinghua1()   

  1. 1 Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014
    2 College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002
  • Received:2024-12-23 Revised:2025-03-15 Published:2025-11-05 Online:2025-11-07

摘要:

为明确江苏省高粱炭疽病病原,于2022—2023年从江苏省泗洪、涟水和海门3个高粱主产区采集典型病样,采用单孢分离法获得病原菌株,经柯赫氏法则验证致病性后,结合形态学观察和ITS、GAPDH基因序列分析进行鉴定。结果表明,从15份病样中分离获得47株单孢菌株,代表性菌株回接高粱后可诱发典型炭疽病症状。该菌株分生孢子呈镰刀形,无色,单胞,大小(10~25) µm×(3.5~5) µm;附着胞近球形,褐色,符合炭疽菌属特征。ITS和GAPDH序列分析表明,其与高粱刺盘孢(Colletotrichum sublineola)的同源性分别达98%和96%以上,且系统发育分析显示其与C. sublineola聚为同一支。本研究首次确认江苏省高粱炭疽病病原为C. sublineola,为该病害的早期诊断与精准防控提供了理论依据。

关键词: 高粱, 炭疽病, 高粱刺盘孢, 江苏省, 病原菌分离, 分子鉴定, 致病性

Abstract:

To identify the pathogenic fungi causing sorghum anthracnose in Jiangsu Province, typical diseased samples were collected from three main sorghum-producing areas (Sihong, Lianshui and Haimen) during 2022-2023. Single-spore isolation was performed to obtain pathogenic strains, and Koch’s postulates were applied to verify pathogenicity. Pathogen identification was conducted using morphological characteristics and molecular methods based on ITS and GAPDH genes. The results showed that 47 single-spore strains were isolated from 15 diseased samples, and representative strains reproduced typical anthracnose symptoms upon reinoculation on sorghum. The conidia were falcate-shaped, colorless and unicellular, measuring (10-25) µm × (3.5-5) µm. The appressoria was nearly spherical and brown, consistent with the characteristics of Colletotrichum species. The ITS and GAPDH sequences exhibited over 98% and 96% homology, respectively, with Colletotrichum sublineola, and phylogenetic analysis clustered the isolates within the C. sublineola clade. This study is the first to confirm C. sublineola as the pathogen responsible for sorghum anthracnose in Jiangsu Province, providing a theoretical basis for accurate diagnosis and control of this disease.

Key words: sorghum, anthracnose, Colletotrichum sublineola, Jiangsu Province, pathogen isolation, molecular identification, pathogenicity