含荧光假单胞菌生物有机肥对设施茄子青枯病的防控效果及增产提质作用

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-1039

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

探究含荧光假单胞菌生物有机肥对设施茄子青枯病的防治效果，及其对茄子产量、品质与土壤微生态的影响，为设施茄子连作种植的科学施肥提供理论依据与技术支撑。通过田间试验，设置3个处理：常规施肥(CK)、基施灭活生物有机肥(K₁)和基施含荧光假单胞菌生物有机肥(K₂)。结果表明：K₂处理可显著提升茄子产量和品质，且对土壤酶活性、根际微生物量产生正向影响；与CK相比，K₂处理的果实单果重、产量、可溶性蛋白含量、可溶性糖含量、维生素C分别提高10.58%、7.79%、31.47%、25.85%和17.48%，纤维素含量降低65.52%；此外，K₂处理显著提高了土壤脲酶、过氧化氢酶、蔗糖酶、酸性磷酸的酶活性（分别提高50.00%、42.84%、50.23%和30.04%），并增加了根际放线菌、真菌、细菌的数量（分别增加55.71%、78.00%和15.57%）。研究表明，含荧光假单胞菌生物有机肥可通过优化土壤微生态环境、增强植株光合能力，实现设施茄子连作条件下的病害防控、产量提升与品质优化，为克服设施茄子连作障碍提供了有效途径。

关键词: 荧光假单胞菌, 生物有机肥料, 设施茄子, 应用效果

Abstract:

The study aimed to explore the control effect of bio-organic fertilizer containing Pseudomonas fluorescens on bacterial wilt of facility eggplant, and its influences on yield, quality and soil properties, so as to provide theoretical basis and technical support for scientific fertilization in continuous cropping of facility eggplant. Field experiment was conducted with three treatments, including conventional fertilization (CK), basal application of inactivated bio-organic fertilizer (K₁), and basal application of bio-organic fertilizer containing Pseudomonas fluorescens (K₂). The application effects of the bio-organic fertilizer were analyzed by determining eggplant growth indicators, fruit quality, incidence of bacterial wilt, and relevant soil properties. The results indicated that the K₂ treatment significantly enhanced eggplant yield and quality, and exerted positive effects on soil enzyme activities and rhizosphere microbial biomass. Compared with CK, K₂ treatment significantly increased fruit single weight, yield, soluble protein content, soluble sugar content, and vitamin C content by 10.58%, 7.79%, 31.47%, 25.85%, and 17.48% respectively, while reducing cellulose content by 65.52%. The activities of soil urease, catalase, sucrase, and acid phosphatase increased by 50.00%, 42.84%, 50.23%, and 30.04% respectively, and the populations of rhizosphere actinomycetes, fungi, and bacteria increased by 55.71%, 78.00%, and 15.57% respectively. The bio-organic fertilizer containing Pseudomonas fluorescens can achieve disease control, yield improvement and quality optimization of facility eggplant under continuous cropping by optimizing soil microecological environment and enhancing plant photosynthetic capacity, providing an effective pathway for resolving the obstacles associated with the continuous cropping of facility eggplant.

Key words: Pseudomonas fluorescens, bio-organic fertilizer, facility eggplant, application effect

中图分类号:

S144.9其他

黄剑. 含荧光假单胞菌生物有机肥对设施茄子青枯病的防控效果及增产提质作用[J]. 中国农学通报, 2026, 42(14): 166-171.

HUANG Jian. Control Effect of Bio-organic Fertilizer Containing Pseudomonas fluorescens on Bacterial Wilt Disease in Facility Eggplants and Its Role in Yield Enhancement and Quality Improvement[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2026, 42(14): 166-171.

图/表 4

参考文献 32

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处理	单果重/g	产量/(kg/hm²)	SPAD值	病情指数/%	防治效果/%
CK	176.60±5.16b	76517.32±393.74c	33.30±0.47c	5.37±0.18a	—
K₁	181.49±3.14ab	78867.45±547.30b	41.22±0.50b	4.93±0.09b	8.19
K₂	195.29±5.31a	82480.56±223.97a	48.70±0.31a	3.57±0.09c	33.52

处理	单果重/g	产量/(kg/hm²)	SPAD值	病情指数/%	防治效果/%
CK	176.60±5.16b	76517.32±393.74c	33.30±0.47c	5.37±0.18a	—
K₁	181.49±3.14ab	78867.45±547.30b	41.22±0.50b	4.93±0.09b	8.19
K₂	195.29±5.31a	82480.56±223.97a	48.70±0.31a	3.57±0.09c	33.52

处理	可溶性蛋白含量/(mg/g)	可溶性糖含量/%	纤维素含量/(g/g）	维生素C含量/(mg/100 g）
CK	2.51±0.04b	2.36±0.05b	0.029±0.001a	11.21±0.04c
K₁	2.71±0.05b	2.88±0.02a	0.013±0.001b	12.45±0.04b
K₂	3.30±0.08a	2.97±0.03a	0.010±0.002b	13.17±0.09a

处理	可溶性蛋白含量/(mg/g)	可溶性糖含量/%	纤维素含量/(g/g）	维生素C含量/(mg/100 g）
CK	2.51±0.04b	2.36±0.05b	0.029±0.001a	11.21±0.04c
K₁	2.71±0.05b	2.88±0.02a	0.013±0.001b	12.45±0.04b
K₂	3.30±0.08a	2.97±0.03a	0.010±0.002b	13.17±0.09a

处理	脲酶活性/ [mg/(g·d)]	过氧化氢酶活性/ [mL/(g·d)]	蔗糖酶活性/ [mg/(g·d)]	酸性磷酸酶活性/ [mg/(g·d)]	放线菌总菌落数/ (×10⁵ CFU/g)	真菌总菌落数/ (×10³ CFU/g)	细菌总菌落数/ (×10⁶ CFU/g)
CK	1.12±0.05b	8.94±0.07c	10.95±0.16c	11.22±0.07c	22.17±0.09c	23.68±0.08c	51.38±0.1c
K₁	1.25±0.03b	9.39±0.14b	11.71±0.03b	12.15±0.03b	27.17±0.05b	31.03±0.06b	52.84±0.07b
K₂	1.68±0.07a	12.77±0.09a	16.45±0.04a	14.59±0.07a	34.52±0.08a	42.15±0.12a	59.38±0.34a