高pH对拟南芥萌发和主根伸长的影响

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 土壤盐碱化严重影响作物的产量。近年来用模式植物拟南芥研究植物对盐响应分子机理的研究已经取得突破性进展。然而，植物对碱胁迫响应的生理、生化研究相对比较落后，对pH信号及胁迫响应分子机理的研究还比较少。试验以模式植物拟南芥为材料，研究了不同pH值对拟南芥种子萌发及幼苗生长发育的影响。结果表明：pH值过高会抑制种子萌发；随着pH值的逐渐增加，根的相对生长量和幼苗叶绿素含量均呈现先增加后减少的趋势；同时，根尖生长素含量随着pH值升高呈现先增加后减少的趋势，表明生长素含量变化可能在植物对碱胁迫的响应中，尤其是在根伸长过程中起着重要作用。因此，工作将加深人们对植物在碱条件下的生理和生化反应的理解，为揭示碱信号转导途径，筛选培育耐碱品种等提供依据。

关键词: 耐旱性, 耐旱性, 野生稻, 远缘杂交, 胚胎拯救

Abstract: Increasing areas in saline and alkali soil dramatically affect crop yield. Recent research in salt signal transduction pathway using Arabidopsis have made great process in understanding the genetic basis of plant tolerance to salinity. However, the study on plant response and the molecular mechanisms to alkali lags far behind. In this paper, we analyzed the effects of high pH on Arabidopsis during seed germination and seedling development, especially root elongation. The results showed that mild alkali stress (pH 6.0~6.5) promoted plant growth, while severe high pH inhibited both seed germination, photosynthesis and root elongation. Auxin content markedly decreased at high pH, suggesting an important role of auxin in plant response to alkali stress.

中图分类号:

Q-33

孙菲菲,,赵彦坤,,张文胜,胡海洲,李报,,王幼宁,刘孟雨,李霞. 高pH对拟南芥萌发和主根伸长的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2007, 23(7): 285-285.

Sun Feifei,, Zhao Yankun,, Zhang Wensheng, Hu Haizhou, Li Bao,,. High pH Dramatically Affects Seed Germination and Root Growth of Arabidopsis[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2007, 23(7): 285-285.

参考文献

[1] 王遵亲.中国盐渍土.北京:科学出版社,1993:325-344.
[2] 陈德明.盐渍环境中的植物耐盐性极其影响因素.土壤学进展,1994,22(5):22-29.
[3] Felle HH.pH: Signal and message in plant cells.Plant Biology,2001,3:577-591.
[4] Marty F.Plant vacuoles.The Plant Cell,1999,11:587-599.
[5] Shi DC,Sheng YM.Effect of various salt-alkaline mixed stress conditions on sunflower seedlings and analysis of their stress factors.Environmental and
Experimental Botany,2005,54:8-21.
[6] 周文彬,邱报胜.植物细胞内pH值的测定.植物生理学通讯,2004,40(6):724-728.
[7] Romero MF.In the beginning there was the cell: cellular homeostasis.Adv.Physiol. Educ.,2004,28:135-138.
[8] Rayle DL,Cleland RE.Enhancement of wall loosening and elongation by acid solutions.Plant Physiol.,1970,46:250-253.
[9] Rayle DL.Auxin-induced hydrogen-ion excretion in Avena coleoptiles and its implications.Planta,1973,114:63-73.
[10] Rayle DL,Cleland R.Control of plant cell enlargement by hydrogen ions.Curr. Top Dev. Biol.,1977,11:187-214.
[11] Cosgrove DJ.Loosening of plant cell walls by expansins.Nature,2000,407:321-326.
[12] Irving HR,Gehring CA,Parish RW.Changes in cytosolic pH and calcium of guard cells precede stomatal movements. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA,
1992,89:1790-1794.
[13] 郑国琦,许兴,徐兆桢.耐盐分胁迫的生物学机理及其基因工程的研究进展.宁夏大学学报(自然科学版),2002,23(1):79-85.
[14] 陈恩凤.关于盐碱土改良的若干问题.土壤通报,1965,(6):1-2.
[15] 刘小京,李伟强,杨艳敏,等.河北省滨海盐碱地土壤与盐生植物养分特征的研究.中国生态农业学报,2003,11(2):76-77.
[16] 王三根,周小华,邓如福.培养液pH对白菜幼苗吸收及营养元素的影响.植物生理学通讯,1993,29(2):101.
[17] 孟赐福,周俊三,水建国.土壤pH与土壤养分有效度和玉米生长之间的关系.土壤,1987,19(3):119-123.
[18] 柳若安,刘厚田.酸度和铝对马尾松生长的影响.植物学报,1995,37(2):154-158.
[19] 郭培国,陈建军,李荣华,等.pH对烤烟根系活力及烤后烟叶化学成分的影响.中国农业科学,2000,33(1):39-45.
[20] 马成仓,洪法水.pH对油菜种子萌发和幼苗生长代谢的影响.作物学报,1998,24(4):509-512.
[21] 陆海,张建秋,张玉玲,等.一种优化的mRNA差异显示技术分析白刺盐碱胁迫表达相关基因研究.成都大学学报(自然科学版),2004,23(2):1-6.
[22] 张建秋,陆海,王智.双向电泳技术分析白刺盐胁迫蛋白的表达.吉林农业大学学报,2004,26(5):511-514.
[23] 尹尚军,石德成,颜宏.碱胁迫下星星草的主要胁迫反应.草业学报,2003,12(4):51-57.
[24] 周婵,杨允菲.盐碱胁迫下羊草种子的萌发特性.草业科学,2004,21(7):34-36.
[25] 石德成,盛艳敏,赵可夫.复杂盐碱条件对向日葵胁迫作用主导因素的实验确定.作物学报,2002,28(4):461-467.
[26] 苏正淑,张宪政.几种测定植物叶绿素含量的方法比较.植物生理学通讯,1989,25(5):77-78.
[27] 赵树兰.酸碱对低活力苜蓿种子萌发及初期生长的影响.黑龙江畜牧善医,2003,9:13-14.
[28] 颜宏,赵伟,秦峰梅,等.盐碱胁迫对碱地肤、地肤种子萌发以及幼苗生长的影响.华北师大学报(自然科学版),2006,38(4):117-123.
[29] 李清芳,辛天蓉,马成仓,等.pH值对小麦种子萌发和幼苗生长代谢的影响.安徽农业科学,2003,31(2):185-187.
[30] 斯琴巴特尔,吴红英.土壤的盐碱化对玉米的胁迫作用.内蒙古大学学报(自然科学版),2002,33(3):309-312.
[31] Mursdhige T,Skoog F. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue culture. Physiol. Plant,1962,15:473-497.
[32] Zhu JK,Liu J,Xiong L. Genetic analysis of salt tolerance in Arabidopsis: evidence for a role of potassium nutrition. The Plant Cell,1998,10:1181-1191.
[33] 华东师范大学生物系植物生理教研室.植物生理学实验指导.北京:高等教育出版社,1980:88.
[34] Ulmasov T,Murfett J,Hagen G.,Guilfoyle TJ. Aux/IAA proteins repress expression of reporter genes containing natural and highly active synthetic auxin response element. Plant Cell,1997,9:1963-1971.
[35] Jefferson RA,Kavanagh TA,Bevan MW. GUS fusions::B-glucuronidase as a sensitive and versatile gene fusion marker in higher plants. The EMBO Journal,1987,6:3901-3907.