干旱胁迫下过表达和沉默Z257 snoRNA基因对水稻耐旱性及表型的影响

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20190700474

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

研究旨在分析过表达和基因沉默水稻Z257 SnoRNA对水稻耐旱性、农艺性状和品质性状的影响,以转基因品系和野生型对照日本晴为研究材料,通过苗期干旱和抽穗期干旱处理的方法,分析Z257 SnoRNA的作用方式。结果表明：过表达Z257 SnoRNA的转基因水稻品系GB日本晴的耐旱性要高于野生型对照日本晴和Z257 SnoRNA沉默的转基因水稻品系CM日本晴,因此Z257 SnoRNA基因应与水稻耐旱性相关;幼苗期干旱胁迫后GB日本晴的根系较野生型日本晴更为强壮,CM日本晴根系最弱;抽穗期干旱胁迫后GB日本晴的农艺性状要好于野生型对照日本晴,CM日本晴农艺性状最劣;GB日本晴较野生型对照日本晴和基因沉默品系CM日本晴有更好的品质,而沉默该基因的品系品质指标受影响最大,品质最劣。Z257 snoRNA与水稻耐旱性高度相关,可以减少干旱胁迫对水稻根系、农艺性状和品质性状的影响,因此该基因可以作为耐旱候选基因使用。

关键词: 干旱胁迫, 小核RNA, 基因过表达和沉默, 耐旱性, 农艺性状和品质性状

Abstract:

To analyze the effects of overexpression and gene silencing of SnoRNA Z257 on drought tolerance, agronomic trait and quality trait of rice, using transgenic rice lines and wild type control Nipponbare as research materials, the action mode of SnoRNA Z257 was studied by drought at seedling stage and heading stage. The results showed that the drought tolerance of the transgenic rice line GB Nipponbare (overexpressing SnoRNA Z257) was higher than that of wild type control Nipponbare and the transgenic rice line GM Nipponbare (silencing SnoRNA Z257). Therefore, the SnoRNA Z257gene was related to drought tolerance of rice. After drought stress at seedling stage, the root system of GB Nipponbare was stronger than that of wild Nipponbare, and that of CM Nipponbare was the weakest. After drought stress at heading stage, the agronomic traits of GB Nipponbare were better than that of wild type control Nipponbare, and that of CM Nipponbare was the worst. The quality traits of GB Nipponbare were better than those of wild type control Nipponbare and CM Nipponbare (silencing SnoRNA Z257). The quality traits of CM Nipponbare (silencing SnoRNA Z257) were affected mostly under drought stress, and the quality traits were the poorest. SnoRNA Z257 is highly correlated to the rice drought tolerance, which can reduce the effects of drought stress on rice root, agronomic and quality traits, and can be used as a candidate gene for drought tolerance.

Key words: drought stress, SnoRNA, overexpression and silencing of gene, drought tolerance, agronomic traits and quality traits

中图分类号:

马廷臣, 夏加发, 王元垒, 周坤能, 云鹏, 李泽福. 干旱胁迫下过表达和沉默Z257 snoRNA基因对水稻耐旱性及表型的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2020, 36(23): 1-5.

Ma Tingchen, Xia Jiafa, Wang Yuanlei, Zhou Kunneng, Yun Peng, Li Zefu. Overexpression and Silencing of Z257 SnoRNA Gene Under Drought Stress: Effects on Drought Tolerance and Phenotype of Rice[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2020, 36(23): 1-5.

图/表 4

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品系	根体积/mL	根粗/cm	最长根长/cm	根总长度/cm	根数量/根	侧根长/cm
GB日本晴	0.431 a	0.321 a	17.124 a	58.774 a	8.425 a	23.557 a
CM日本晴	0.284 c	0.241 c	12.655 c	44.124 c	6.224 c	15.621 c
日本晴	0.358 b	0.284 b	16.234 b	53.156 b	7.652 b	20.355 b

品系	根体积/mL	根粗/cm	最长根长/cm	根总长度/cm	根数量/根	侧根长/cm
GB日本晴	0.431 a	0.321 a	17.124 a	58.774 a	8.425 a	23.557 a
CM日本晴	0.284 c	0.241 c	12.655 c	44.124 c	6.224 c	15.621 c
日本晴	0.358 b	0.284 b	16.234 b	53.156 b	7.652 b	20.355 b

品系	株高/cm	穗数/个	穗长/cm	结实率/%	单株谷重/g	千粒重/g
GB日本晴	88.1 a	25 a	26.5 a	85.7 a	55.4 a	24.6 a
CM日本晴	86.3 a	22 b	22.2 c	81.5 b	48.1 c	21.3 b
日本晴	87.5 a	24 a	23.4 b	84.2 a	52.6 b	23.7 a

品系	株高/cm	穗数/个	穗长/cm	结实率/%	单株谷重/g	千粒重/g
GB日本晴	88.1 a	25 a	26.5 a	85.7 a	55.4 a	24.6 a
CM日本晴	86.3 a	22 b	22.2 c	81.5 b	48.1 c	21.3 b
日本晴	87.5 a	24 a	23.4 b	84.2 a	52.6 b	23.7 a

品系	糙米率/ %	精米率/ %	整精米率/ %	垩白大小/ %	垩白度/ %	直链淡粉含量/%	透明度/ %	糊化温度/级	长宽比	胶稠度/ mm
GB日本晴	72.2 a	65.5 a	63.9 a	21.5 a	6 a	17.5 a	0.6 a	7 a	2.9 a	69 a
CM日本晴	65.4 c	62.1 c	58.1 c	30.4 b	10 b	17.3 a	0.2 c	5 c	2.8 a	60 c
日本晴	70.3 b	62.4 c	60.4 b	30.8 b	9 b	17.6 a	0.4 b	6 b	2.8 a	61 b