不同环境因子对紫茎泽兰根系分泌物化感作用的影响?

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以紫茎泽兰为供试材料，采用生测的方法，研究了不同环境条件下根系分泌物的化感作用，同时以没有处理的苗期的紫茎泽兰为对照，采用循环法和气质色谱联用技术，收集并分析了紫茎泽兰根系分泌物的组分和含量，探讨苗期紫茎泽兰不同环境条件下根系分泌物的差异。实验结果表明：自然条件和1000mg/kg浓度下，根系分泌物对旱稻的化感作用不明显，经蚜虫取食和农药处理的处理后，紫茎泽兰的化感作用会显著增强。GC-MS鉴定结果显示，物理损伤、农药处理和昆虫取食条件下，紫茎泽兰的根系分泌物主要化学物质种类组成相似，以酮类和酯类为主，主要化学物质含量具有差异性，主要化学物质含量的改变可能也是化感作用改变的原因

关键词: 地理信息系统, 地理信息系统, 农业, 问题与对策

Abstract: This paper studied the allelopathy of root exudates from Ageratina adenophora Spreng seedings which grew on different conditions by bioassay. With the comparison of no treated immature Ageratina adenophora, root exudates from Ageratina adenophora on different conditions were collected by cyclic irrigation. Component content of root exudates were determined by Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) to examine the difference of root exudates of Ageratina adenophora seedlings on different conditions. When the allelopathic potential of root exudates from Ageratina adenophora on the growth of upland rice were examined under indoor natural conditions and 1000 mg/kg, it indicated that the allelopathic inhibiting effect of root exudates from Ageratina adenophora were not significant. However, while the plants were treated with herbicide stress and aphid feeding, the allelopathy would be enhanced significantly. It showed after it was treated with physical damaged, herbicide stress and aphid feeding, the root exudates of Ageratina adenophora seedlings contained similar chemical compounds in which were mainly esters and ketones, and the content of primary components of root exudates from Ageratina adenophora was different by GC/MS, as well as the content of main components of root exudates maybe change the allelopathy of root exudates.

中图分类号:

Ｓ45

王紫娟,,刘万学,万方浩,吕国忠. 不同环境因子对紫茎泽兰根系分泌物化感作用的影响?[J]. 中国农学通报, 2007, 23(8): 351-351.

Wang ZiJuan, , Liu WanXue, Wan FanHao, Lv GuoZhong. The Allelopathic Potential of Root Exudates from Ageratina adenophora Spreng on Different Conditions[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2007, 23(8): 351-351.

参考文献

[1] Rice EL. Allepoathy (2nd eds). New York: Academic press, 1984, 1-50.
[2] Bais HP, Vepachedu R, Gilroy S, et al. Allelopathy and exotic plant invasion: from molecules and genes to species interactions. Science, 2003, 301: 1377-1380.
[3] 段惠,强胜,吴海荣,等.紫茎泽兰 (Eupatorium adenophorum Spreng) [J].杂草科学,2003,(2):36-38.
[4] 于兴军,于丹,马克平.不同生境条件下紫茎泽兰化感作用的变化与入侵力关系的研究[J].植物生态学报,2004,28(6):773-780.
[5] 强胜.世界恶性杂草—紫茎泽兰研究的历史及现状[J].武汉植物学研究,1998,16(4):366-372.
[6] 鲁萍,桑卫国,马克平.外来入侵种紫茎泽兰研究进展与展望[J].植物生态学报,2005,29(6):1029-1037.
[7] Tang CS. Plant stress and Allelopathy. ACS Symposium Series.1995, 582: 142-147.
[8] 林文雄,何华勤,郭玉春.水稻化感作用及其生理生化特性的研究[J].应用生态学报,2001,12(6):871-875.
[9] Thelen GC, Vivanco JM, Newingham B, et al. Insect herbivory stimulates allelopathic exudation by an invasive plant and the suppression of natives. Ecology Letters, 2005, 8: 209-217.
[10] Kong CH, Hu F, Xu XH. Allelopathic potential and chemical constituents of volatiles Ageratum conyzoide from under stress. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 2002, 28(6): 1173-1182.
[11] Yadav AS, Tripathi RS. Effect of associated species on 3 Eupatorium species. Indian Journal of Ecology, 1984, 11(2): 190-196.
[12] Angiras NN, Singh SD, Singh CM. Allelopathic effects of weeds on germination and seedling growth of maize and soybean. Indian Journal of Weed Science, 1988, 20(2): 82-87.
[13] 和爱军,刘伦辉.紫茎泽兰的水提物对几种植物发芽的影响[J].杂草科学,1990,4(4):35-38.
[14] 宋启示,付昀,唐建维,等.紫茎泽兰的化学互感潜力[J].植物生态学报,2000,24(3):362-364.
[15] Yang GQ, Wan FH, Liu WX, et al. Physiological effect of allelochemicals from leachates of Ageratina adenophora (Spreng) on rice seedings. Allelopathy Journal, 2006, 18(2): 237-246.
[16] 钟声,段新慧.紫茎泽兰对两种牧草发芽的化感克异作用[J].种子,2006,25(6):18-20.
[17] Baruah NC, Sarma JC, Sarma S, et al. Seed germination and growth inhibitory cadinenes from Eupatorium adenophorum Spreng. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 1994, 20(8): 1885-1892.
[18] Tripathi RS, Singh RS, Rai JPN. Allelopathic potential of Eupatorium adenophorum: A dominant ruderal weed of Meghalaya India. Proc Nat Sci Acad Part B: Biol Sci, 1981, 47(3): 458-465.
[19] Wu H, Pratley J, Haig T, et al. Laboratory screening for allelopathic potential of wheat (Triiticum aestivum) accessions against annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum). Aust J agric Res, 2000, 51: 259-266.
[20] 王芳,黄朝表,刘鹏.铝对荞麦和金荞麦根系分泌物的影响[J].水土保持学报,2005,19(2): 106-109.
[21] Tang CS, Young CC. Collection and identification of allelopathic compounds from the undisturbed root system of Bjgalta Limpograss (Hemar thria altissima). Plant Physiology, 1982, 69: 155-160.
[22] Callaway RM, Aschehoug ET. Invasive plants versus their new and old neighbours: a mechanism for exotic invasion. Science, 2000, 290: 521-523.
[23] El-Ghareeb RM. Suppression of annuals by Tribulus terrestris in an abandoned field in the sandy desert of Kuwait. J Veg Sci, 1991, 2: 147-154.
[24] Vaughn SF, Berhow MA. Allelochemicals isolated from tissues of the invasive weed garlic mustard (Alliaria petiolata). Journal of Chemical Ecology, 1999, 25: 2495-2504.
[25] Ridenour WM, Callaway RM. The relative importance of allelopathy in interference: the effects an invasive weed on a native bunchgrass. Oecologia, 2001, 126: 444-450.
[26] 郑丽,冯玉龙.紫茎泽兰叶片化感作用对10种草本植物种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响[J].生态学报,2005,25(6):1430-1438.
[27] Bryant JP, Reichardt PB, Clausen TP, et al. Effects of mineral nutrition on delayed inducible resistance in Alaska paper birch. Ecology, 1993, 74(7): 2077-2084.
[28] Tongma S, Kobayashi K, Usui K. Allelopathic activity of Mexian sunflower [Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray] in soil under natural field conditions and different moisture conditions. Weed Biology and Management, 2001, 1(2): 115-119.
[29] 胡飞,孔垂华.胜红蓟化感作用研究Ⅰ.水溶物的化感作用及其化感物质分离鉴定[J].应用生态学报, 1997,8(3): 304-308.
[30] 孔垂华,徐涛,胡飞,等.环境胁迫下植物的化感作用及其诱导机制[J].生态学报,2000,20(5): 849-854.
[31] Yu XJ, Yu D, Lu ZJ, et al. A new mechanism of invader success: Exotic plant inhibits natural vegetation restoration by changing soil microbe community [J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2005, 50(11): 1105-1112.