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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2009, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (8): 272-276.

所属专题： 小麦

• 工程 机械 水利 装备 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同灌水处理对春小麦耗水特性及产量的影响

管建慧,,张永平,蒋阿宁   

  • 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2009-04-20 发布日期:2009-04-20

Effect of Different Irrigation on Water Consumption Characteristics
and Yield of Spring Wheat

Guan Jianhui,, Zhang Yongping, Jiang Aning   

  • Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2009-04-20 Published:2009-04-20

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摘要： 摘 要：为实现春小麦的节水高产栽培，提高麦田的水分利用效率，该试验选用了春小麦品种永良4号为试验材料，通过设计不同的灌水处理，系统的研究灌水量、灌水时间对麦田耗水量及小麦产量的影响，研究结果表明：随着灌水次数和灌水量增加，麦田总的耗水量增大，土壤水的消耗量减少。各生育阶段耗水量变化与水分供应量有关，阶段灌水量大则耗水量高。对产量构成进行分析得出，对亩穗数和穗粒数影响最大的灌水时期是拔节期，而孕穗期、开花期灌水对千粒重的增长具有明显的促进作用。不同处理之间，水分利用效率的差异表现为：2水>3水>4水>1水>CK。产量则随灌水次数的增加而增大，2水和3水处理与4水处理相比较，产量差异并不明显，但耗水量却明显减少，实现了节水与高产的统一。在各灌水处理中，以灌拔节水和开花水处理的效果最为显著，因此,在生产中可以将该确立为春小麦节水高产统一的灌溉制度。

关键词: 薏苡, 薏苡, 种质资源, 细胞遗传学, 遗传改良

Abstract: Abstract: In the paper, using spring wheat variety yong liang-4. Under different irrigation treatment, we studied the influence of irrigation rate and time on water consumption and yield. The result showed that: with the increase of time and rate of irrigation, total water consumption increased, Soil water reduced. Variation of water consumption intensity is relation to water supply of that stage, the more water supplied, the larger of water consumption intensity. Analyze the yield inscape we may know, water at jointing stage can increase spick numbers and No. grain per ear. Water at booting and flowering stage can promote 103 grain weight. The WUE that: 2 water treatment>3 water >4 water>1 water>ck. And with the increase of time and rate of irrigation, wheat yield also increase. That yield difference is not evidence 2 waters and 3 water’s treatment with 4 water, but water consumption reduced, it would achieve the source-sink of saving—water with high yield. Irrigation in the stage of booting and a thesis is efficient in spring wheat.