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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2011, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (3): 184-188.

所属专题： 水稻

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

农田施用水葫芦对水稻产量形成的影响

刘红江 陈留根 朱普平 盛婧 张岳芳 郑建初   

  • 收稿日期:2010-07-09 修回日期:2010-08-06 出版日期:2011-02-05 发布日期:2011-02-05

  • Received:2010-07-09 Revised:2010-08-06 Online:2011-02-05 Published:2011-02-05

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摘要：

以粳稻品种运2645为供试材料，设计农田施用水葫芦（将晒干水葫芦按4 500 kg/hm2农田施用）、不施用水葫芦处理和施N量为120 kg/hm2（LN）、240 kg/hm2（NN）处理，研究其对水稻产量形成的影响。结果表明：（1）农田施用水葫芦使水稻成熟期株高略有增加；（2）农田施用水葫芦使水稻产量平均比对照增加8.6%，其中：LN处理、NN处理条件下分别比对照增产7.5%、9.5%，处理间的差异达到极显著水平；（3）农田施用水葫芦使水稻单位面积穗数、每穗颖花数、结实率和千粒重平均比对照增加5.0%、1.6%、1.2%、和0.5%，其中单位面积穗数和结实率，处理间的差异达到显著水平；（4）农田施用水葫芦使水稻生物量平均比对照增加9.0%，使水稻的经济系数平均比对照下降0.5%，生物量的增加是农田施用水葫芦水稻产量增加的主要原因。（5）农田施用水葫芦能显著提高水稻抽穗期叶片叶绿素含量；水稻抽穗期叶片叶绿素含量与产量呈极显著正相关关系。说明农田施用水葫芦能够显著提高水稻产量、生物产量以及水稻抽穗期叶片叶绿素含量。

关键词: 自然降水, 自然降水, 播期, 玉米

Abstract:

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of hyacinth mulching on grain yield formation of rice. Taked Yun 2645 as a material, rice yields were evaluated under two different levels of N input: Low (LN, 120 kg/hm2) and normal N (NN, 240 kg/hm2) in 2009. The results showed that: (1) Compared AMB treatments, hyacinth mulching increased plant height at maturity of Yun 2645 just a little. (2) On average, hyacinth mulching increased the grain yield of Yun 2645 significantly (P<0.01), with an average increase of 8.6%. For NN and LN-levels, grain yields under hyacinth mulching were increased by average of 7.5% and 9.5%, respectively. (3) Hyacinth mulching increased yield components of Yun 2645, averaging 5.0% (P<0.05), 1.6%, 1.2% (P<0.05) and 0.5% for panicle number per unit area, spikelet number per panicle, filled grain percentage and 1000-grain weight, respectively. (4) The rice final total biomass at maturity was increased by 9.0% on average under hyacinth mulching, economic coefficient was decreased 0.5%. Hyacinth mulching increased final total biomass is the major reason for rice grain increase. (5) Hyacinth mulching significantly increased chlorophyll content of rice leaves at heading stage. Chlorophyll content of rice leaves at heading stage positively correlated with rice yield. The results indicated that: hyacinth mulching significantly increased rice grain yield, final total biomass and chlorophyll content of rice leaves at heading stage.