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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2011, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (3): 189-194.

所属专题： 小麦

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

播种深度和播后淹水时间对冬小麦出苗率及冬前幼苗质量的影响

刘鑫 尹承苗 李 慧 李娜娜 石玉华 徐凤娇 田奇卓   

  • 收稿日期:2010-07-13 修回日期:2010-08-27 出版日期:2011-02-05 发布日期:2011-02-05
  • 基金资助:

    国家粮食丰产科技工程

Sowing depth and waterlogging time after wheat sowing affect on germination rate and seedling quality before winter

  • Received:2010-07-13 Revised:2010-08-27 Online:2011-02-05 Published:2011-02-05

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摘要：

为探讨淹水时间和播种深度对不同小麦品种出苗率及冬前幼苗健壮程度的影响，在控制条件下对四个不同类型品种进行了研究，结果表明：播种后淹水1-4天，可导致五种播深TN18的平均出苗率降低22.43%，越冬期单株干物重降低21.56%；JM20分别降低23.43%和18.46%；SN8355分别降低9.66%和19.86%；LM14分别降低6.21%和23.20；说明淹水对TN18 JM20两品种出苗率的影响显著低于SN8355和LM14。淹水可使3cm地温降低0.470C,5cm降低1.150C。在淹水时间相等条件下，随播种深度的增加，对出苗率和幼苗质量的影响逐渐增大；在播深相同时，淹水时间越长影响越大。在播深2cm～6cm范围内，播种越浅出苗率和越冬期单株干物重越高，淹水对其的影响也越小，浅播是降低渍涝地区渍涝灾害的有效措施；但由于浅播分蘖节基本处在2cm处，不利于抗寒和抗旱，因而该结果仅适于渍涝麦田应用。

关键词: 高山姬鼠, 高山姬鼠, 繁殖参数, 变化规律, 贵州省

Abstract:

To explore sowing depth and waterlogging time after wheat sowing how to affect germination rate and seedling strong levels before winter, four different types of species have been studied under controlled conditions. Results showed that: water logging for 1-4 days after sowing can led to the average germination rate of five different sowing depths of TN18 decreased by 22.43%, winter dry matter decreased by 21.56%; JM20 decreased by 23.43% and 18.46%; SN8355 decreased by 9.66% and 19.86%; LM14 decreased by 6.21% and 23.20%; the effects of waterlogging on TN18 and JM20 are significantly lower than that on the SN8355 and LM14. Waterlogging can reduce 3cm soil temperature by 0.47℃, 5cm soil temperature by 1.15℃.. when the waterlogging time is equal , with the increase of sowing depth, waterlogging influence germination rate and seedling quality more and more strongly ；when sowing depth is the same, with the increase of waterlogging time, the influence of waterlogging increase. when the sowing depth is in the range from 2cm to 6cm, shallow sowing can make germination rate and seedling quality higher, and reduce the effect on waterlogging, so shallow sowing is one of effective measures to treat waterlogging in waterlogging areas. However, shallow sowing makes the tillering node basically in 2cm,not conducive to resistance freezing and drought, so the results are only suitable for waterlogging areas.