Abstract:

Vegetable sweet potato is rich in nutritional value. Aiming at the problems of seasonal supply limitation in traditional cultivation and the lack of special hydroponic nutrient solutions and suitable varieties for vegetable sweet potato, this study screened nutrient solution formulas and varieties suitable for the growth of vegetable sweet potato. Four varieties, namely ‘Tainong 71’,‘Fushu 23’,‘Chuancaishu SH1’, and‘Chuancaishu SH3’, were used as experimental materials. Indoor hydroponic experiments were conducted with seven nutrient solution formulas (Morard, Hoagland, Japanese Garden, etc.), and plant height, biomass, shoot tip weight and length, and other indices were determined. The results showed: (1) The Japanese Garden nutrient solution (C) exhibited the optimal culture effect, with an average shoot weight of 10.85 g, shoot tip weight of 4.42 g, and shoot tip length of 4.79 cm, which were significantly better than those of other formulas, followed by the Japanese Yamazaki nutrient solution (F). (2) Among the varieties, ‘Chuancaishu SH3’ performed the best, with an average shoot weight of 9.75 g, average shoot tip weight of 4.30 g, and average shoot tip length of 4.81 cm, showing significant advantages in shoot growth. (3) There was a negative correlation between shoot and root growth. ‘Fushu 23’ had the best root development, with a root length of 27.93 cm and root weight of 2.45 g. In summary, the combination of Japanese Garden nutrient solution and ‘Chuanshu SH3’ is the optimal scheme for hydroponic cultivation of vegetable sweet potato. This study provides theoretical guidance for the hydroponic practice of vegetable sweet potato and a scientific basis for the subsequent optimization of hydroponic varieties and nutrient solution selection.

Key words: vegetable sweet potatoes, hydroponic, nutrient solution, aerial biomass, underground biomass, shoot tip