Abstract:

To address the collapse problem of Jiangsu-style solar greenhouses caused by extreme climate in Suqian area, this article combines the national standards "Code for Load of Agricultural Greenhouse Structures" (GB/T 51183-2016) and "Design Standards for Agricultural Greenhouse Structures" (GB/T 51424-2022) to conduct load calculation and structural optimization research on a 16 meter span solar greenhouse. A three-dimensional finite element model was constructed using Midas Gen software to calculate the wind and snow loads during the 10-year return period in Suqian. 408 load combinations were integrated for envelope analysis. The results showed that the most unfavorable load combination was dominated by uneven snow loads, with a peak stress of 538.7 N/mm² at the front column base of the arch. An optimization plan for the weak points was proposed, which is to add vertical columns at the front column base of the main arch. After optimization, the peak stress was reduced to 191.2 N/mm², the optimized vertical deformation amount was reduced to 40.2 mm, representing a 73% reduction compared to the pre-optimized state. Research has shown that local structural reinforcement can significantly improve the stress concentration and instability risk of Jiangsu-style greenhouses, providing reference for structural optimization of similar facilities.

Key words: Jiangsu-style solar greenhouses, load combination, finite element analysis, stress concentration, structural optimization