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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2010, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (20): 222-226.

所属专题： 生物技术； 小麦

• 资源 环境 生态 土壤 气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

西北旱地冬小麦氮素营养诊断生理指标初探

赵满兴 周建斌   

  • 收稿日期:2010-03-17 修回日期:2010-06-28 出版日期:2010-10-20 发布日期:2010-10-20
  • 基金资助:

    西北地区作物优质、高产、高效栽培生理生态研究;退耕措施下延安土壤可溶性有机氮与土壤质量关系研究;延安人工林地草地土壤可溶性有机碳、氮在植被恢复中的作用

Diagnosis Nitrogen Nutrition of Different Winter Wheat Cultivars on Dryland in the Northwest China

  • Received:2010-03-17 Revised:2010-06-28 Online:2010-10-20 Published:2010-10-20

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摘要：

本文通过田间试验研究了西北旱地主栽的4个冬小麦品种氮素营养诊断生理指标间的关系。结果表明，在拔节期，品种间的硝态氮、铵态氮、酰胺态氮和可溶性蛋白质都达到显著水平。施氮量、籽粒产量与铵态氮、酰胺态氮和可溶性蛋白质有较好的相关性，其中铵态氮和可溶性蛋白质与施氮量、籽粒产量的相关性最好。铵态氮可以反映小麦体内酰胺态氮、可溶性蛋白质的状况，在拔节期可以用铵态氮来代替酰胺态氮、可溶性蛋白质进行诊断。营养生长期间，旗叶铵态氮、酰胺态氮和可溶性蛋白质含量水平高，有利于籽粒产量的提高。但在诊断时应考虑不同品种间存在的差异。不同小麦品种拔节期铵态氮、酰胺态氮和可溶性蛋白质值与施氮量和小麦籽粒产量的相关性高于其他时期，说明了拔节期是进行氮素营养诊断的适宜时期。

关键词: 农村实用人才, 农村实用人才, 队伍建设, 对策建议

Abstract:

A field experiment was used in this research to study the application of different nitrogen in diagnosing the nitrogen nutrition of four different winter wheat cultivars on dryland of Northwest China. In Jointing stage, NO3--N, NH4+-N, NH2--N(amide nitrogen,NH2--N), Pro--N (soluble protein nitrogen, Pro--N) showed obvious differences among the different varieties. The significant correlationships were found between NH4+-N, NH2--N, Pro--N and yield and N rate. In vegetable growth stage, the yield increased with the levels of NH4+-N, NH2--N, Pro--N in the leaves of wheat. The optimum stage for nitrogen diagnosis was in the Jointing stage.The variations of NH4+-N, NH2—N and Pro--N value with the variety of wheat is needed considering during the diagnosis. The correlation coefficients between the NH4+-N, NH2—N and Pro--N value at Jointing stage and the different nitrogen rate and grain of winter wheat was higher than that of other growth stages, indicating that the Jointing stage is a suitable stage for diagnosing the nitrogen nutrition of winter wheat.