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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2015, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (2): 225-233.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-1848

• 资源 环境 生态 土壤 气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

陕西蒸发量变化时空分布研究

高 蓓1,2,范建忠1,卫海燕2,董金芳1   

  1. (1陕西省农业遥感信息中心,西安 710015；2陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院,西安 710062）
  • 收稿日期:2013-07-04 修回日期:2013-07-04 接受日期:2013-09-13 出版日期:2015-03-19 发布日期:2015-03-19
  • 通讯作者: 卫海燕
  • 基金资助:
    国家科技部公益性行业（气象）科研专项(GYHY201006036)；国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAC29B03)。

The Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Pan Evaporation Characteristics in Shaanxi

Gao Bei1,2, Fan Jianzhong1, Wei Haiyan2, Dong Jinfang1   

  1. (1Remote Sensing Information Center for Agriculture of Shaanxi Province, Xi’an 710015;2College of Environment and Tourism Science, Shanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062)
  • Received:2013-07-04 Revised:2013-07-04 Accepted:2013-09-13 Online:2015-03-19 Published:2015-03-19

摘要： 为了研究陕西省水资源现状和利用前景，为陕西省生态环境可持续发展提供重要的参考价值。根据陕西省95个气象站1978—2012年20 cm口径蒸发皿观测的蒸发量资料，利用气候倾向率、累积距平法、Mann-Kendall突变检测法和ArcGIS空间插值分析法，分析陕西省蒸发皿蒸发量的变化。结果表明：月蒸发皿蒸发量在3—7月呈增加趋势，1—2月、8月和10—12月呈减少趋势，9月无变化。年和四季的蒸发皿蒸发量呈减少趋势，蒸发皿蒸发量突变年在1994年，春季和冬季在1999年，夏季在1985年和2010年，秋季在2001年。1月、3—8月和11—12月有1个突变点，9月有2个突变点，2月和10月有3个突变点。空间分布上，多年平均蒸发皿蒸发量为从东北到西南减少的趋势；蒸发皿蒸发量气候倾向率年呈由东北向西南递增趋势，春季呈由北向南增加的趋势，夏季呈由东向西增加的趋势，秋季呈由东向西增加的趋势，冬季呈由中向南北增加的趋势。

关键词: 松嫩平原, 松嫩平原, 土壤湿度, 突变点, 下降, 趋势

Abstract: In order to study the prospect of the status quo and utilization of water resources in Shaanxi Province, to provide important reference value for the sustainable development of ecological environment in Shaanxi Province. Based on the observational data of 95 meteorological stations in Shaanxi from 1961 to 2012, climate tendency rate, accumulated of climatic anomaly, Mann-Kendall trend test and the spatial and temporal distributions, annual, seasonal and monthly changes of pan evaporation in Shaanxi Province were analyzed to conduct studies. The results indicated that: the monthly change of pan evaporation analysis showed that the increase of pan evaporation occurred mainly in March to July, the decrease of pan evaporation occurred mainly in January to February, August and October to December, and unchanged of pan evaporation in Septemper. The annual and seasonal pan evaporation mainly decreased, the point mutation of annual pan evaporation was in 1994, the point mutation of pan evaporation in spring and winter was in 1999, the point mutation of pan evaporation in summer was in 1985 and 2010, the point mutation of pan evaporation in autumn was in 2001. January, March, April, May, June, July, August, November and December had 1 brupt point. September had 2 brupt points. February and October had 3 brupt points. In spatial distribution showed that the average of annual pan evaporation was reduced trend from northeast to southwest. Evaporation pan evaporation in climate tendency rate showed a trend of increase from the northeast to the southwest in annual, increasing trend from north to south in spring, a trend of increased from east to west in summer and autumn, a trend of increased from north and south in winter.