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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2014, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (1): 52-57.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-2021

• 林学 园艺 园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

塔里木河上游荒漠河岸林土壤速效氮空间变异性研究

王家强 柳维扬 彭杰 韩路 于军 徐小强   

  • 收稿日期:2013-07-24 修回日期:2013-08-15 出版日期:2014-01-05 发布日期:2014-01-05
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金“塔里木天然胡杨林植物色素高光谱遥感监测研究”(40961028)、“新疆南疆主要类型耕作土壤肥力主导因子光谱定量反演研究”(41061031)、“水盐因素对塔里木绿洲荒漠交错带土壤氮素矿化的影响机理”(41161048)、“塔里木河上游地下水动态对荒漠河岸林蒸散影响的机理研究”(31260140)；973计划前期研究专项“塔里木荒漠河岸林土壤水文过程与植被生态响应机理研究”(2011CB411909)；兵团青年科技创新资金专项“塔里木荒漠绿洲过渡带植被动态与土壤水分定量遥感建模研究”(2012CB020)；塔里木大学校长基金硕士资助项目“基于空间技术的塔里木河上游土壤氮素空间变异性研究”(TDZKSS201101)。

Study on Soil Available Nitrogen Spatial Variation of Desert Riparian Forest in the Tarim River Upstream

Wang Jiaqiang1, Liu Weiyang1, Peng Jie1, Han Lu1,2, Yu Jun1,2, Xu Xiaoqiang1   

  • Received:2013-07-24 Revised:2013-08-15 Online:2014-01-05 Published:2014-01-05

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摘要： 为了对塔里木河上游流域三源交汇区荒漠河岸林土壤氮素空间变异特征进行研究，通过采集测定研究区内不同层次土壤样品的速效氮，并利用GIS、统计学与地统计学的方法，对研究区内土壤速效氮的空间异质性进行分析。结果表明：荒漠河岸林0~20 cm、20~40 cm、40~60 cm土层的土壤速效氮变异系数均属于中等变异，变异系数的大小与土壤深度有关，20~40 cm、40~60 cm土壤的变异系数大于0~ 20 cm土层；采样数量从精确性、经济性、采样效率3个方面分析，确定了合理的采样数量为0~20 cm土层的采样数为15个，20~40 cm土层的采样数为24个，40~60 cm土层的采样数为24个；0~20 cm土层土壤速效氮具有中等空间相关性，主要由随机因素与结构因素共同作用的结果；20~40 cm、40~60 cm土层土壤速效氮具有弱空间相关性，主要是随机因素作用的结果；林区土壤速效氮的空间分布表现为0~ 20 cm土层中部含量相对较高，空间分布呈现出明显的片状和斑块状分布特点，土壤速效氮含量在20~ 40 cm土层由南至北依次呈现由高到低，空间范围内呈现出一致性的块状分布；土壤速效氮含量在40~ 60 cm在空间范围内，由西北至东南依次呈现由高到低的斜条状分布；此研究为区域生态系统的恢复与重建提供理论依据。

关键词: 小花碱茅, 小花碱茅, 盐碱土壤, 水解酶

Abstract: By using GIS, traditional descriptive statistics and geo-statistics, the author studied the spatial distribution characteristics and impact factors of soil available nitrogen (AN) content of desert riparian forests in upstream of Tarim River. The results indicated that: the spatial variability of soil AN content was moderate. The coefficient of variation was correlated with the depth of soil. The variation coefficient of 20-40 cm and 40-60 cm soil was greater than that of 0-20 cm soil. The numbers of soil samples were analyzed based on accuracy, economy and efficiency. The reasonable numbers of samples were 15, 24 and 24 for 0-20 cm, 20- 40 cm and 40-60 cm soil layers respectively. Spatial correlation of 0-20 cm soil layer soil AN was medium, Random factors and structure factors were common reasons to arouse the spatial variation of soil AN content. The spatial autocorrelations of soil AN content in the 20-40 cm and 40-60 cm soil layers were slight, random factors were main reasons. Spatial distribution of 0-20 cm soil layer AN was relatively high in central content, the spatial distribution presented the obvious flake and plaque distribution characteristics. 20-40 cm soil layer AN content was gradually reduce from south to north, presented obvious block distribution. 40-60 cm soil layer AN content was gradually reduce from northwest to southeast, presented oblique strip distribution. The study provided theoretical basis for regional ecological system recovery and reconstruction.