常绿阔叶林土壤动物群落结构及在海拔梯度上的差异

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2014-0375

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了解海拔梯度及地表残留物质量对土壤动物分布的影响，于2011年8月（雨季）和2012年6月（干季），采用样地调查法对哀牢山中山湿性常绿阔叶林不同海拔梯度（2000、2200、2400和2600 m）生境土壤动物群落进行调查。结果表明：所查不同海拔梯度常绿阔叶林土壤动物群落组成相近，优势类群为蜱螨目和弹尾目，常见类群为双翅目、鞘翅目、膜翅目、啮虫目、半翅目和鳞翅目，稀有类群的组成在不同海拔梯度上有明显变化。土壤动物群落类群数和个体数分布受海拔垂直梯度变化的影响明显，而水平方向不同样方间的差异不显著。总体表现为：随海拔梯度升高，土壤动物类群数降低，个体数量呈先降低后升高的趋势（海拔2400 m生境最低）。不同海拔生境中地表凋落物C含量以2200 m海拔生境最高，N含量则在2600 m海拔最高。相关分析表明，弹尾目个体数量与地表凋落物N含量具有显著的正相关关系。由此说明，土壤动物群落在不同海拔梯度的数量分布受海拔变化所产生的凋落物质量和温湿度差异的综合影响。

关键词: 灰色关联度分析, 灰色关联度分析

Abstract: In order to understand the influence on the distribution of soil fauna by elevation gradient and floor litter quality, in August of 2011 and June of 2012, the author studied the composition and distribution of soil fauna community among different elevation in evergreen broad-leaved forest of Ailaoshan by using field survey method. The results showed that Acarina and Collembola were the dominant groups, and Diptera, Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Psocoptera, Hemiptera, Lepidoptera were the common groups among the elevation gradient. The groups and individual density of soil fauna were significantly affected by elevation gradient. Soil fauna group decreased along the elevation increase and individual of soil fauna showed increase pattern after decline first. The lowest density was found at elevation of 2400 m. C concentration of floor litter reached the highest on elevation 2200 m, and N concentration of floor litter on elevation 2600 m was the highest among the surveyed elevation gradient. There was positive correlation between Collembola density and N concentration of floor litter in this forest type. The results suggest that litter quality and environmental factors such as temperature and moisture caused by elevation gradient change affect soil fauna community together.

秦海浪杨效东. 常绿阔叶林土壤动物群落结构及在海拔梯度上的差异[J]. 中国农学通报, 2014, 30(19): 66-74.

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