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中国农学通报 ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (10): 18-24.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb19010125

所属专题: 油料作物 园艺 农业气象

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

低纬高原山区不同播期对免耕油菜农艺性状和产量效益的影响

杨进成1(), 刘坚坚1, 林姣姣1, 胡新洲1, 安正云1, 李红彦1, 瞿观1, 封军华2, 柏跃才3, 吴志林4, 施立安1(), 李铷5()   

  1. (1)玉溪市农业科学院,云南玉溪 653100
    (2)元江县农业技术推广站,云南元江 653300
    (3)峨山县塔甸镇农科站,云南峨山 653200
    (4)易门县农业技术推广站,云南易门 651100
    (5)云南农业大学植物保护学院,昆明 650201
  • 收稿日期:2019-01-24 修回日期:2019-04-08 出版日期:2020-04-05 发布日期:2020-03-19
  • 基金资助:
    云南省创新人才培养计划“山地油菜避灾高效栽培技术研究与应用”(2011CI103);云南省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金“玉溪市田油菜高产高效种植技术集成示范”(ynnycyjstx-5);玉溪市重点实验室计划“玉溪市油菜育种重点实验室建设”(ZX200901)

Seeding Dates Influence the No-till Rapeseed Agronomic Traits and Yield in Low Altitude Mountain Areas

Jincheng Yang1(), Jianjian Liu1, Jiaojiao Lin1, Xinzhou Hu1, Zhengyun An1, Hongyan Li1, Guan Qu1, Junhua Feng2, Yuecai Bai3, Zhilin Wu4, Li’an Shi1(), Ru Li5()   

  1. (1)Yuxi Academy of Agricultural Science, Yuxi Yunnan 653100
    (2)Yuanjiang Agricultural Tech Extension Station, Yuanjiang Yunnan 653300
    (3)Tadian Agricultural Science Station in Ershan, Ershan Yunnan 653200
    (4)Yimen Agricultural Tech Extension Station, Yimen Yunnan 651100
    (5)Plant Protection College of Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201
  • Received:2019-01-24 Revised:2019-04-08 Online:2020-04-05 Published:2020-03-19

摘要:

为综合评价并推荐免耕山地油菜最佳播期在低纬高原山区推广应用,采用灰色关联度和模糊聚类等分析方法,对玉溪市2011—2015年4个不同海拔试点10个播期的免耕山地油菜农艺性状和产量效益进行对比分析。结果表明:(1)不同播期油菜的主要农艺性状有较大差异,提早播种的主要农艺性状明显优于传统播期(10月10日);(2)不同播期油菜产量与主要农艺因子的关联度差异较大;(3)不同播期间的产量效益存在不同程度的差异;(4)山地油菜最优播期因不同气象年度而有差异,暖冬年最优播期是8月10日—9月10日,冷冬年最优播期是8月30日—9月30日。综合评价5年10个播期的丰产性和稳定性,推荐低纬高原山区免耕山地油菜最佳播期为8月30日—9月10日。

关键词: 免耕山地油菜, 播期, 灰色关联度分析, 模糊聚类分析, 暖冬年, 冷冬年, 丰产性, 稳定性

Abstract:

To comprehensively assess and recommend the optimum seeding date of no-till rapeseed in low altitude mountain areas, comparisons of no-till rapeseed agronomic traits and yield of 10 seeding dates in 4 altitude areas were carried out from 2011 to 2015 in Yuxi by using grey relation analysis and fuzzy clustering analysis. The results indicated that: (1) there was significant difference of main agronomic traits among different seeding dates, the main agronomic traits of rapeseed of earlier seeding date were better than that of conventional seeding date (October 10); (2) the correlation between yield and main agronomic traits varied in different degrees; (3) the yield of different seeding dates varied in different degrees; (4) the optimum seeding date of no-till rapeseed depended on climate, the best seeding date in warm year was around August 10 -September 10, whereas in cold year it was around August 30 - September 30. Therefore, according to the comprehensive evaluation of the yielding ability and stability of rapeseed of 10 seeding dates during 5 years, the optimum seeding date of August 30 - September 10 is recommended for no-till rapeseed in low altitude mountain areas.

Key words: no-till mountain rapeseed, seeding date, grey relation analysis, fuzzy clustering analysis, warm year, cold year, yielding ability, stability

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