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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2014, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (29): 155-160.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2014-1597

所属专题： 农业气象

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四川省林火的时空分布特征及其气候背景分析

王鑫   

  1. 四川省农业气象中心
  • 收稿日期:2014-06-05 修回日期:2014-06-05 接受日期:2014-09-22 出版日期:2014-10-31 发布日期:2014-10-31
  • 通讯作者: 王鑫
  • 基金资助:
    四川省气象局科学技术研究开发课题 （川气课题－开发－03）； 中国气象局成都高原气象研究所基本科研业务费项目 （BROP 201414）。

Temporal and Spatial Characteristics of Forest Fire in Sichuan and Its Climate Background

  • Received:2014-06-05 Revised:2014-06-05 Accepted:2014-09-22 Online:2014-10-31 Published:2014-10-31

摘要： 利用四川省遥感监测林火资料、四川省气象资料和MODIS卫星云量资料，分析了四川省林火发生的时空变化特征及其气候背景。结果表明，2—4 月是四川林火的高发季节，高发区域主要位于川西高原的甘孜州南部、凉山州和攀枝花市境内。对四川气温和降水的分析表明，2—4 月上述区域是四川省气温最高、降水最少的区域。此外，这些区域前冬持续少雨干燥的气候特点也有利于2—4 月林火的频发。从5 月开始，随着雨季的到来，林火显著减少。卫星观测的云量表明，这些区域的高温少雨与该地区云量最少有关。由于川西高原气温的日较差大，与平均气温相比，最高气温的空间分布对林火分布更加有指标意义。

关键词: 系统发育, 系统发育

Abstract: The temporal and spatial characteristics of forest fire in Sichuan are analyzed with fire information derived from forest fire remote sensing monitor data, meteorological observation data of Sichuan Meteorological Administration and cloud fraction data observed by MODIS satellite sensors. Results indicated that forest fire occurred mostly from February to April in the south of Ganzi, Liangshan and Panzhihua. These areas have the maximum daily temperature and the minimum precipitation in Sichuan Province. Less precipitation in previous winter also favors the high frequency of forest fire in these areas. The chance of forest fire is low after May when precipitation begins to increase rapidly. The areas with high forest fire frequency are also corresponding to the areas with the minimum total cloud fraction at day. Because of high diurnal range of temperature in the plateau, daily maximum temperature is a more significant indicator of the forest fire distribution compared with daily mean temperature.