长期不同施肥对农田土壤养分与微生物群落结构的影响

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb14100042

中国农学通报 ›› 2015, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (5): 150-156.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb14100042

• 资源环境生态土壤气象 • 上一篇下一篇

长期不同施肥对农田土壤养分与微生物群落结构的影响

邬奇峰¹,陆扣萍^2,3,毛霞丽^2,3,秦华^2,3,王海龙^2,3

(¹临安市农业技术推广中心,浙江临安 311300；²浙江农林大学环境与资源学院,浙江临安 311300；³浙江省森林生态系统碳循环与固碳减排重点实验室,浙江临安 311300）

收稿日期:2014-10-15 修回日期:2015-02-06 接受日期:2014-11-27 出版日期:2015-03-20 发布日期:2015-03-20
通讯作者: 秦华
基金资助:
浙江省科技厅公益项目“基于长期定位试验的浙江省典型农田生态系统高产培肥固碳技术研究”(2013C32025)。

Responses of Soil Nutrients and Microbial Biomass and Community Composition to Long-term Fertilization in Cultivated Land

Wu Qifeng¹, Lu Kouping^2,3, Mao Xiali^2,3, Qin Hua^2,3, Wang Hailong^2,3

(¹Agricultural Technology Extension Centre, Linan Zhejiang 311300; ²School of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang A & F University, Linan Zhejiang 311300; ³Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration, Linan Zhejiang 311300)

Received:2014-10-15 Revised:2015-02-06 Accepted:2014-11-27 Online:2015-03-20 Published:2015-03-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了阐明长期不同施肥对土壤养分与微生物群落的影响及影响机理，以杭嘉湖平原典型稻麦轮作区长期定位施肥试验土壤为对象，采用磷脂脂肪酸(Phospholipid fatty acid, PLFA)分析方法，研究了施用化肥(NPK)、秸秆(Straw)、栏肥(Manure)、化肥与秸秆配施(S+NPK)、化肥与栏肥配施(M+NPK)5种不同施肥方式对土壤主要养分指标与微生物量及微生物群落结构的影响，试验以不施肥处理为对照。结果表明，所有施肥处理均提高了土壤有机碳，其中秸秆与化肥配施、栏肥无论是单独施用还是与化肥配施所提高的有机碳含量均达到显著水平；施用化肥、有机肥、秸秆+化肥及有机肥+化肥均可在一定程度增加土壤氮、磷、钾养分。施用秸秆和栏肥显著提高了土壤中总PLFA、细菌、真菌、放线菌等含量以及微生物群落Shannon指数(P＜0.05)，但施用化肥可引起土壤微生物量和多样性指数的下降。相关分析结果表明，土壤微生物PLFA含量及Shannon指数与土壤碳氮比呈显著正相关(P＜0.05)。典范对应分析结果表明，土壤有机碳含量(F=2.18，P=0.027)是影响微生物群落结构的主要环境因子。可得出结论，长期秸秆还田或施用栏肥可显著提高土壤微生物量并改变其群落结构，土壤有机碳含量及碳氮比对于土壤质量和肥力的提高具有至关重要的作用。

关键词: 百合, 百合, 叶面施肥, 生长特性, 鳞茎产量

Abstract: To study the influences of long-term different fertilization on soil fertility and microbial community, a long-term fertilization experiment based on wheat-rice rotation agricultural system was conducted in Hang-Jia-Hu plain. The experiment included five fertilization treatments and a control without application of any fertilizers. The five different fertilization treatments were inorganic fertilizer (NPK), straw (Straw), organic manure (Manure), inorganic fertilizer plus straw (S NPK), and inorganic fertilizer plus organic manure (M NPK). The phospholipid fatty acid technique was used to characterize the soil microbial biomass and community. Results indicated that all of fertilization treatments increased soil organic carbon, as compared with control. Contents of organic carbon in the soils applied with S NPK, manure, and M NPK were significantly higher than that of the control. Application of chemical fertilizer, manure, S NPK and M NPK increased total N, total P and available K in the soils in a certain extent. Application of straw or organic manure significantly increased soil total PLFA, as well as bacterial, fungal, actinomycete PLFA and Shannon indices (P＜0.05). Application of chemical fertilizer decreased soil microbial biomass PLFA. Pearson’s correlation analysis indicated that soil microbial biomass PLFA and Shannon indices were significantly correlated with soil C/N ratio (P＜0.05). The result of Canonical Correspondence Analysis indicated that soil organic carbon content (F=2.18, P=0.027) had significant contribution to the variation of soil microbial communities. It can be concluded that long-term of straw incorporation or organic manure application can benefit soil microbial biomass and change soil microbial community. Soil organic carbon and C/N ratio can have important impact on soil quality.

邬奇峰,陆扣萍,毛霞丽,秦华,王海龙. 长期不同施肥对农田土壤养分与微生物群落结构的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2015, 31(5): 150-156.

Wu Qifeng,Lu Kouping,Mao Xiali,Qin Hua and Wang Hailong. Responses of Soil Nutrients and Microbial Biomass and Community Composition to Long-term Fertilization in Cultivated Land[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2015, 31(5): 150-156.

参考文献

[1] Liu E K, Yan C R, Mei X R, et al. Long-term effect of chemical fertilizer, straw, and manure on soil chemical and biological properties in northwest China[J].Geoderma,2010,158:173-180.
[2] 魏巍,许艳丽,朱琳,等.长期施肥对黑土农田土壤微生物群落的影响[J].土壤学报,2013,50(2):373-380.
[3] 徐祖祥.西湖平原区连续13年定位施肥对麦、稻产量及土壤肥力的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2011,17(1):16-21.
[4] Wardle D A, Yeates G W, Nicholson K S, et al. Response of soil microbial biomass dynamics, activity and plant litter decomposition to agricultural intensification over a seven year period[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,1999,31:1707-1720.
[5] 于树,汪景宽,李双异.应用PLFA方法分析长期不同施肥处理对玉米地土壤微生物群落结构的影响[J].生态学报,2008,28(9):4221-4227.
[6] 鲁如坤.土壤农业化学分析方法[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,1999:12,107,147,168,193.
[7] Frosteg?rd A, B??th E. The use of phospholipid fatty acid analysis to estimate bacterial and fungal biomass in soil[J].Biology and Fertility of Soils,1996,22:59-65.
[8] Wu Y P, Ma B, Zhou L, et al. Changes in the soil microbial community structure with latitude in eastern China, based on phospholipid fatty acid analysis[J].Applied Soil Ecology,2009,43:234-240.
[9] Petersen S O, Klug M J. Effects of sieving, storage, and incubation temperature on the phospholipid fatty acid profile of a soil microbial community[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,1994,60:2421-2430.
[10] Frosteg?rd A, B??th E, Tunlid A. Shifts in the structure of soil microbial communities in limed forests as revealed by phospholipid fatty acid analysis[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,1993,25:723-730.
[11] Moore-Kucera J, Dick R P. PLFA Profiling of microbial community structure and seasonal shifts in soils of a Douglas-fir chronosequence[J].Microbial Ecology,2008,55:500-511.
[12] 张金屯.数量生态学[M].北京:科学出版社,2004:83-107.
[13] Braak C J F, Smilauer P. CANOCO Reference Manual and Cano Draw for Windows User’s Guide: Software for Canonical Community Ordination (Version 4. 5)[M].US:Microcomputer Power,2002:15-29.
[14] Marschner P, Kandeler E, Marschner B. Structure and function of the soil microbial community in a long-term fertilizer experiment[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2003,35:453-461.
[15] Kaur K, Kapoor K K, Gupta A P. Impact of organic manures with and without mineral fertilizers on soil chemical and biological properties under tropical conditions[J].Journal of Soil Science and Plant nutrition,2005,168:117-122.
[16] Gu Y F, Zhang X P, Tu S H, et al. Soil microbial biomass, crop yields, and bacterial community structure as affected by long-term fertilizer treatments under wheat-rice cropping[J].European Journal of Soil Biology,2009,45:239-246.
[17] 杨滨娟,黄国勤,钱海燕.秸秆还田配施化肥对土壤温度、根际微生物及酶活性的影响[J].土壤学报,2014,51(1):150-157.
[18] 倪国荣,涂国全,魏赛金,等.稻草还田配施催腐菌剂对晚稻根际土壤微生物与酶活性及产量的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2012,31(1):149-154.
[19] Hao X H, Liu S L, Wu J S, et al. Effect of long-term application of inorganic fertilizer and organic amendments on soil organic matter and microbial biomass in three subtropical paddy soils[J].Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,2008,81:17-24.
[20] Rousk J, Brookes P C, Baath E. Fungal and bacterial growth responses to N fertilization and pH in the 150-year 'Park Grass' UK grassland experiment[J].FEMS Microbiology Ecology,2011,76:89-99.
[21] Bardgett R D, McAlister E. The measurement of soil fungal: bacterial biomass ratios as an indicator of ecosystem self-regulation in temperate meadow grasslands[J].Biology and Fertility of Soils,1999,29:282-290.
[22] Franciska T de V, Ellis H, Lijbert B, et al. Fungal/bacterial ratios in grasslands with contrasting nitrogen management[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2006,38:2092-2103.
[23] Bardgett R D, Mawdsley J L, Edwards S, et al. Plant species and nitrogen effects on soil biological properties of temperate upland grasslands[J].Functional Ecology,1999,13:650-660.
[24] Magurran A E. Ecological Diversity and Its Measurement[M].Princeton:Princeton University Press,1988:7-45.
[25] Hu S J, Van B A H C, Grunwald N J. Dynamics of bacterial populations in relation to carbon availability in a residue amended soil[J].Applied Soil Ecology,1999,13:21-30.

长期不同施肥对农田土壤养分与微生物群落结构的影响

Responses of Soil Nutrients and Microbial Biomass and Community Composition to Long-term Fertilization in Cultivated Land

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

关于本刊

作者中心

审者中心

在线期刊

联系我们

[1]	陈敏敏, 聂功平, 李心, 周琳, 杨柳燕, 张永春. 自然高温条件下百合叶绿素荧光特性分析[J]. 中国农学通报, 2022, 38(29): 86-95.
[2]	雷星宇, 胡瑶, 邓钢桥, 李宏告, 张跃龙, 胡蝶, 李丽辉. 钝化剂对卷丹百合镉含量及生理特性的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2022, 38(19): 66-72.
[3]	李序进, 蔡立群, 李海亮. 兰州百合连作土壤碳氮磷化学计量特征及酶活性研究[J]. 中国农学通报, 2021, 37(6): 82-88.
[4]	时佳琦, 萨如拉, 令玉, 萨茹拉其其格, 范富, 张雪婷. 盐碱土秸秆添加量对玉米种子萌发及幼苗生长特性的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2021, 37(36): 13-18.
[5]	崔光芬, 杜文文, 吴学尉, 段青, 马璐琳, 贾文杰, 李绅崇, 王祥宁. 氮磷钾施肥水平对百合切花与籽球品质的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2021, 37(19): 65-70.
[6]	李冠嵘, 何好, 朱国庆, 陈诗雅, 徐阳, 金淑梅. RNA-seq揭示碱性盐(NaHCO₃)对细叶百合鳞茎基因表达的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2021, 37(12): 64-71.
[7]	李心, 杨柳燕, 陈敏敏, 王桢, 许俊旭, 杨贞, 张永春. ‘木门’百合休眠和花芽分化进程中激素变化[J]. 中国农学通报, 2020, 36(35): 42-47.
[8]	张年国, 潘桂平, 周文玉. 池塘养殖条件下当年口虾蛄生长特性的研究[J]. 中国农学通报, 2020, 36(32): 147-152.
[9]	侯冠军, 季索菲, 吴明林, 赵秀侠, 吴洪华, 高远. 黄河鲤在池养条件下的生长特性分析[J]. 中国农学通报, 2020, 36(27): 147-152.
[10]	杨立晨, 李得瑞, 茹梦媛, 王源, 赖慧萍, 刘笑妍, 姜新强. 22种百合属植物在青岛地区引种的适应性研究[J]. 中国农学通报, 2020, 36(23): 46-53.
[11]	赵鑫, 朱超, 翟胜, 田晓飞, 张清心, 辛一凡, 孙树臣. 土壤水分对长柄扁桃生长特性及蒸散发的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2020, 36(13): 48-52.
[12]	周忠诚,王瑞文. 江汉平原引种不同杨树品种生长特性及抗性的研究[J]. 中国农学通报, 2019, 35(7): 48-53.
[13]	卢红玲,崔新卫,高鹏,鲁耀雄,彭福元. 养牛场污水在百合绿色生产中的应用效果初报[J]. 中国农学通报, 2019, 35(28): 80-84.
[14]	李茂娟,廖祯妮,邓少华,王华龙,曹罕升. 百合新品种引种筛选及组培快繁技术研究[J]. 中国农学通报, 2019, 35(22): 65-70.
[15]	刘源. 西藏茶巴朗湿地外来种大鳞副泥鳅的年龄与生长[J]. 中国农学通报, 2019, 35(17): 144-149.