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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2015, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (16): 19-25.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb14120137

所属专题： 园艺

• 林学 园艺 园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

水分胁迫对干热河谷乡土树种清香木的光合影响

黄俊玲,王 妍,李艳梅,詹乃才   

  1. (西南林业大学环境科学与工程学院,昆明 650224）
  • 收稿日期:2014-12-20 修回日期:2015-05-21 接受日期:2015-03-23 出版日期:2015-07-27 发布日期:2015-07-27
  • 通讯作者: 王妍
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目“全球变化背景下干热河谷地区乡土树种生殖生长策略研究”(31100520)。

Effects of Soil Water Stress on Photosynthetic Characteristics of Pistacia weinmannifolia in Dry-hot Valley

Huang Junling, Wang Yan, Li Yanmei, Zhan Naicai   

  1. (College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224)
  • Received:2014-12-20 Revised:2015-05-21 Accepted:2015-03-23 Online:2015-07-27 Published:2015-07-27

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摘要： 为了研究水分胁迫对清香木光合特性的影响，根据土壤田间持水量设置不同的土壤水分含量梯度（W1~W6，土壤田间持水量分别为100%、80%、50%、30%、10%、5%）。以清香木为材料，利用Li-6400测量6个不同土壤水分含量梯度下清香木叶片的净光速率(Pn)、胞间CO2浓度(Ci)、气孔导度(Gs)、蒸腾速率(Tr)和水分利用率(WUE)。了解清香木对水分过多或过少胁迫的响应，旨在为云南干热河谷地区的植被恢复、清香木的培育种植提供一定的理论指导和技术参考。结果表明：（1）不同土壤水分含量梯度下清香木净光合速率Pn值显著差异，总体Pn呈现“降—升—降”的态势，日变化曲线呈“双峰”型，具明显的午休现象。Pn下降主要受到气孔限制和非气孔限制因素的影响。W1、W2受到气孔的限制，W3~W6受非气孔限制的因素影响，随着土壤含水量的下降，气孔限制向非气孔限制转变。（2）18:00以后，除了W3以外，其他Pn出现负值，呼吸作用大于光合作用，植物的光合生产力下降，植物死亡；W3则为水分适度的最佳选择，其田间持水量和土壤含水量分别在50%和33.6%左右。（3）气孔导度随着土壤含水量的减小而下降，土壤含水量在W3~W6时，气孔导度Gs日变化曲线无明显，基本呈现平缓状态。W1~W6的Gs值在8:00时最大，主要是空气湿度引起。（4）水分利用率WUE随着土壤含水量的下降而增加，适当的干旱胁迫有利于提高清香木光合生产力和水分利用率。

关键词: 木醋液, 木醋液, 有机烟草, 产量, 品质, 病害

Abstract: To study the effect of water stress on photosynthetic characteristics of Pistacia weinmannifolia, according to the soil field capacity, the author set different soil moisture content gradients (W1-W6, with soil field capacity of 100%, 80%, 50%, 30%, 10% and 5%, respectively). With Pistacia weinmannifolia as material, the author used Li-6400 to measure the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), stomatal conductance (Gs), transpiration rate (Tr) and water use efficiency (WUE) under 6 different soil moisture gradients, in order to understand the response of Pistacia weinmannifolia to too little or too much water stress, thus to provide certain theoretical guidance and technical reference for vegetation restoration, and breeding and cultivation of Pistacia weinmannifolia in dry-hot valley, Yunnan. The results showed that: (1) under different soil moisture gradients, Pn values of Pistacia weinmannifolia showed significant differences, total Pn presented a ‘down-up-down’ trend, diurnal variation curve was the ‘twin peaks’ type, with obvious phenomenon of lunch break; Pn decline was limited by stomatal and non-stomatal limitation factors, W1 and W2 were limited by stomata, W3 and W6 were limited by the non-stomatal factors; with the declining of soil moisture content, stomatal limitation tended to change to non-stomatal limitation; (2) after 18:00, except the W3, Pn of other treatments showed negative values, respiration was greater than the photosynthesis, the photosynthetic productivity of plants descended and finally the plants died; W3 was the best choice of the moderate moisture, its field capacity and soil moisture content were about 50% and 33.6%, respectively; (3) the stomatal conductance fell with the decrease of the soil moisture content, when the soil moisture content was in W3-W6, the daily change curve of stomatal conductance Gs had no obvious change, it almost had a gentle condition; the Gs value of W1-W6 was the largest at 8:00, mainly caused by air humidity; (4) the water use efficiency WUE increased with the soil moisture content, appropriate drought stress was advantageous to improve Pistacia weinmannifolia photosynthetic productivity and water use efficiency.